North America Non-native Plant

Weeping Willow

Botanical name: Salix ×sepulcralis

USDA symbol: SASE10

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Alaska âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Salix babylonica auct. non L. (SABA17)  âš˜  Salix ×chrysocoma Dode (SACH17)  âš˜  Salix salomonii hort., database artifact (SASA16)  âš˜  Salix salamonii (Carrière) Carrière (SASA25)  âš˜  Salix ×sepulcralis Simonkai var. chrysocoma (Dode) Meikle (SASEC3)   

Weeping Willow: The Graceful Giant That Commands Attention Few trees capture the romantic imagination quite like the weeping willow. With its cascading branches that seem to dance in the slightest breeze, Salix ×sepulcralis has become an iconic landscape tree that instantly transforms any space into something magical. But before you ...

Weeping Willow: The Graceful Giant That Commands Attention

Few trees capture the romantic imagination quite like the weeping willow. With its cascading branches that seem to dance in the slightest breeze, Salix ×sepulcralis has become an iconic landscape tree that instantly transforms any space into something magical. But before you fall head-over-heels for this dramatic beauty, let’s explore whether this tree is right for your garden.

What Makes a Weeping Willow Special?

The weeping willow is actually a hybrid tree, which explains the × in its scientific name. This perennial tree is a real showstopper, capable of reaching an impressive 70 feet tall and 45 feet wide by its 20th birthday – talk about rapid growth! Its distinctive weeping form creates a natural umbrella of graceful, drooping branches clothed in medium-textured green foliage.

In early spring, before most trees have even thought about leafing out, weeping willows produce small yellow flowers. While these blooms aren’t particularly showy, they’re incredibly valuable to early pollinators who are desperate for nectar sources after a long winter.

Where You’ll Find Weeping Willows

This adaptable tree has made itself at home across a huge swath of North America, from Alaska down to Puerto Rico, and from coast to coast. You’ll find established weeping willows in states ranging from Alabama to Wyoming, and they’ve naturalized throughout much of Canada as well.

However, it’s important to note that weeping willows aren’t native to North America – they’re immigrants that have successfully established themselves in the wild.

The Good, The Bad, and The Droopy

Why you might love a weeping willow:

  • Creates instant drama and focal points in large landscapes
  • Grows incredibly fast (perfect for impatient gardeners!)
  • Provides early nectar for pollinators
  • Thrives in moist conditions where other trees struggle
  • Offers excellent shade once established

Why you might want to think twice:

  • Needs lots of space – we’re talking 70 feet of mature height and significant spread
  • Has a relatively short lifespan compared to other shade trees
  • Requires consistent moisture (high water needs)
  • Can be messy with dropping branches and leaves
  • Root systems can be aggressive and may cause issues with foundations or septic systems

Growing Conditions: What Weeping Willows Crave

Think of weeping willows as the water-loving giants of the tree world. They’re happiest in consistently moist soils and can even tolerate periodic flooding – in fact, they usually prefer wetland conditions. Here’s what they need to thrive:

  • Sunlight: Full sun (they’re shade intolerant)
  • Soil: Adaptable to clay, loam, or sandy soils, but must stay moist
  • pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (4.5-7.5)
  • Water: High moisture requirements – not drought tolerant
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 4-9 (can handle temperatures down to -23°F)

Planting and Care Tips

If you’ve decided a weeping willow is right for your space, here’s how to give it the best start:

  • Location, location, location: Plant far from buildings, septic systems, and power lines
  • Spacing: Allow 30-45 feet between trees
  • Watering: Keep soil consistently moist, especially during establishment
  • Propagation: Easily grown from cuttings (seeds aren’t recommended)
  • Maintenance: Regular pruning may be needed to remove weak or broken branches

Weeping willows are typically available at most nurseries and can be planted as bare-root trees or in containers.

Consider Native Alternatives

While weeping willows aren’t considered invasive, gardeners interested in supporting local ecosystems might consider native willow species instead. Native willows like black willow (Salix nigra) or pussy willow (Salix discolor) offer many of the same benefits while providing superior habitat for native wildlife and better integration with local plant communities.

The Bottom Line

Weeping willows are undeniably beautiful and can create stunning focal points in the right setting. They’re perfect for large properties, especially those with natural water features or consistently moist areas. However, their size, water requirements, and non-native status mean they’re not suitable for every garden.

If you have the space and the right growing conditions, a weeping willow can be a magnificent addition to your landscape. Just remember to plant responsibly, considering both your property’s limitations and the broader environmental impact of your gardening choices.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Alaska

FAC

Facultative - Plants with this status can occur in wetlands and non-wetlands

Arid West

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Caribbean

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Midwest

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Northcentral & Northeast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Western Mountains, Valleys, and Coast

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Weeping Willow

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Salicales

Family

Salicaceae Mirb. - Willow family

Genus

Salix L. - willow

Species

Salix ×sepulcralis Simonkai [alba × babylonica] - weeping willow

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA