North America Non-native Plant

Varigated Chastetree

Botanical name: Vitex trifolia var. variegata

USDA symbol: VITRV

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii  

Variegated Chastetree: A Tropical Ornamental with Year-Round Appeal Looking for a shrub that brings both colorful foliage and lovely blooms to your tropical garden? The variegated chastetree (Vitex trifolia var. variegata) might catch your eye with its attractive appearance and manageable size. But before you dig that planting hole, let’s ...

Variegated Chastetree: A Tropical Ornamental with Year-Round Appeal

Looking for a shrub that brings both colorful foliage and lovely blooms to your tropical garden? The variegated chastetree (Vitex trifolia var. variegata) might catch your eye with its attractive appearance and manageable size. But before you dig that planting hole, let’s explore what makes this shrub tick and whether it’s the right fit for your landscape.

What Is Variegated Chastetree?

Variegated chastetree is a perennial shrub that typically reaches about 10 feet tall at maturity, though it can potentially grow up to 20 feet under ideal conditions. This multi-stemmed woody plant features a rounded growth form with fine-textured foliage and produces conspicuous blue flowers during the summer months. The variegated in its name refers to its attractive foliage patterns, which add visual interest even when the plant isn’t blooming.

Native Status and Distribution

Here’s something important to know upfront: variegated chastetree is not native to the United States. It’s a non-native species that has been introduced and now reproduces spontaneously in Hawaii, where it tends to persist in the wild. Currently, it’s only documented as growing in Hawaii within the U.S.

While this plant isn’t listed as invasive, its non-native status means it won’t provide the same ecological benefits as native alternatives. If you’re passionate about supporting local ecosystems, you might want to consider native Hawaiian shrubs that offer similar aesthetic appeal.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Role

What draws gardeners to variegated chastetree? Several appealing characteristics make it a popular choice:

  • Attractive variegated foliage that provides year-round interest
  • Showy blue summer flowers
  • Rapid growth rate for quick landscape impact
  • Dense foliage that maintains its appearance in both summer and winter
  • Rounded, manageable form that fits well in ornamental settings

In landscape design, this shrub works well as an ornamental focal point, in mixed borders, or as part of tropical-themed gardens. Its fine texture and blue flowers can provide nice contrast against broader-leaved plants or those with warmer flower colors.

Growing Conditions and Climate Requirements

Variegated chastetree is definitely a warm-weather plant. It requires a minimum of 365 frost-free days per year, which limits it to truly tropical climates. In terms of specific growing conditions, this shrub prefers:

  • Soil: Adapts to fine and medium-textured soils with pH between 6.0 and 8.5
  • Sun exposure: Full sun (shade intolerant)
  • Water needs: Medium drought tolerance once established
  • Fertility: Medium fertility requirements
  • Drainage: Good drainage important (low anaerobic tolerance)

The plant shows medium tolerance to salt, making it potentially suitable for coastal gardens in appropriate climates.

Planting and Care Tips

If you decide to grow variegated chastetree, here’s what you need to know:

Propagation: This plant is routinely available commercially and can be propagated through several methods including cuttings, containers, or bare root plants. Seeds are not typically used for propagation.

Planting: Space plants appropriately – you can plant anywhere from 640 to 1,280 plants per acre, depending on your design goals. Ensure the location receives full sun and has well-draining soil.

Maintenance: With its rapid growth rate, be prepared for regular pruning to maintain desired size and shape. The plant has low hedge tolerance, so it’s not ideal for formal hedging applications. Its relatively short lifespan means you may need to plan for eventual replacement.

Wildlife and Pollinator Considerations

While specific data about wildlife benefits isn’t available for this particular variety, the blue summer flowers likely attract some pollinators. However, as a non-native species, it won’t support native wildlife to the same extent as indigenous plants would.

The Bottom Line

Variegated chastetree can be an attractive addition to tropical gardens, offering quick growth, interesting foliage, and pretty blue flowers. However, its non-native status means it’s primarily valued for ornamental rather than ecological purposes. If you’re gardening in Hawaii or another suitable tropical climate and appreciate its aesthetic qualities, it can work well in the right setting.

For gardeners interested in supporting native ecosystems, consider exploring native Hawaiian shrubs that might offer similar visual appeal while providing greater benefits to local wildlife and pollinators. Your local native plant society or extension office can help you identify beautiful native alternatives that thrive in your specific conditions.

How

Varigated Chastetree

Grows

Growing season
Lifespan

Short

Growth form & shape

Stoloniferous and Rounded

Growth rate

Rapid

Height at 20 years

20

Maximum height

10.0

Foliage color

Green

Summer foliage density

Dense

Winter foliage density

Dense

Foliage retention

Yes

Flowering

Yes

Flower color

Blue

Fruit/seeds

Yes

Fruit/seed color

Brown

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic
C:N Ratio
Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Fine

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

No

Coppice Ability

No

Bloat

None

Varigated Chastetree

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

No

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

Yes

Anaerobic tolerance

Low

CaCO₃ tolerance
Cold Stratification

No

Drought tolerance

Medium

Nutrient requirement

Medium

Fire tolerance

Low

Frost-free days minimum

365

Hedge tolerance

Low

Moisture requirement
pH range

6.0 to 8.5

Plants per acre

640 to 1280

Precipitation range (in)

30 to 60

Min root depth (in)

24

Salt tolerance

Medium

Shade tolerance

Intolerant

Min temperature (F)

32

Cultivating

Varigated Chastetree

Flowering season

Summer

Commercial availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/seed abundance

Low

Fruit/seed season

Spring to Fall

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

Yes

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

Yes

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

Yes

Propagated by seed

No

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound

4560

Seed spread rate

Slow

Seedling vigor
Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

Moderate

Varigated Chastetree

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil. - Verbena family

Genus

Vitex L. - chastetree

Species

Vitex trifolia L. - simpleleaf chastetree

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA