North America Non-native Plant

Trujillo Coca

Botanical name: Erythroxylum novogranatense var. truxillense

USDA symbol: ERNOT

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Trujillo Coca: A Plant You Definitely Shouldn’t Grow in Your Garden Let’s talk about a plant that’s probably not going on your garden wish list anytime soon: Trujillo coca (Erythroxylum novogranatense var. truxillense). While we’re all about celebrating native plants and their benefits, this particular species comes with some serious ...

Trujillo Coca: A Plant You Definitely Shouldn’t Grow in Your Garden

Let’s talk about a plant that’s probably not going on your garden wish list anytime soon: Trujillo coca (Erythroxylum novogranatense var. truxillense). While we’re all about celebrating native plants and their benefits, this particular species comes with some serious legal baggage that makes it a no-go for home gardeners.

What Is Trujillo Coca?

Trujillo coca is a specific variety of the coca plant, a small shrub native to the mountainous regions of northwestern South America, particularly Peru and Ecuador. This isn’t your typical garden-variety plant – it’s actually the source of cocaine, which makes it heavily regulated and illegal to grow in most countries around the world.

Why This Plant Isn’t Garden-Friendly

Here’s the deal: while Trujillo coca might be a native plant in its natural habitat, it’s absolutely not suitable for home cultivation for several important reasons:

  • Legal restrictions: Growing coca plants is illegal in most countries due to their use in cocaine production
  • Climate requirements: It needs very specific tropical mountain conditions (USDA zones 10-12) that are hard to replicate
  • Cultural sensitivity: The plant has deep cultural significance for indigenous communities in South America

What Does It Look Like?

For purely educational purposes, Trujillo coca is a small shrub that typically grows to about 6 feet tall. It has simple, oval-shaped leaves and produces small, white flowers followed by red berries. The plant has a somewhat unremarkable appearance – you probably wouldn’t give it a second glance if you saw it in the wild.

Native Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of even thinking about this legally problematic plant, consider these fantastic native alternatives that will actually enhance your garden:

  • Native berry-producing shrubs: Look for local elderberry, serviceberry, or native viburnums
  • Small flowering shrubs: Consider native azaleas, spicebush, or native honeysuckles
  • Cultural plants: Explore native plants that have traditional uses in your local indigenous cultures

The Bottom Line

While we’re passionate about native plants and their benefits, Trujillo coca is one plant that should definitely stay in its native habitat and out of home gardens. The legal risks alone make it a complete non-starter, not to mention the ethical considerations around growing plants with such significant cultural and social implications.

Stick to legal, locally-appropriate native plants that will bring beauty, wildlife benefits, and joy to your garden without any legal headaches. Trust us, there are plenty of amazing native options out there that won’t land you in hot water!

Trujillo Coca

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Linales

Family

Erythroxylaceae Kunth - Coca family

Genus

Erythroxylum P. Br. - coca

Species

Erythroxylum novogranatense (Morris) Hieron. - Colombian coca

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA