North America Non-native Plant

Subterranean Clover

Botanical name: Trifolium subterraneum brachycalycinum

USDA symbol: TRSUB2

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Synonyms: Trifolium brachycalycinum (Katzn. & Morley) Katzn. (TRBR16)   

Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum brachycalycinum): A Mystery Plant Worth Investigating Meet Trifolium subterraneum brachycalycinum, commonly known as subterranean clover – a plant that’s something of an enigma in the gardening world. While the name might roll off the tongue of botanists, this particular variety leaves even the experts scratching their ...

Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum brachycalycinum): A Mystery Plant Worth Investigating

Meet Trifolium subterraneum brachycalycinum, commonly known as subterranean clover – a plant that’s something of an enigma in the gardening world. While the name might roll off the tongue of botanists, this particular variety leaves even the experts scratching their heads when it comes to detailed growing information.

What We Know (And Don’t Know)

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit mysterious. This subspecies of subterranean clover has limited documentation in standard botanical references. What we do know is that it goes by the synonym Trifolium brachycalycinum, but beyond that, the details get pretty sparse.

Unfortunately, crucial information about this plant remains unknown, including:

  • Its native range and geographical distribution
  • Whether it’s considered invasive or beneficial
  • Specific growing conditions and care requirements
  • Wildlife and pollinator benefits
  • Appropriate USDA hardiness zones

The Garden Dilemma: To Plant or Not to Plant?

This lack of information creates a real puzzle for conscientious gardeners. Without knowing whether this clover is native to your area, potentially invasive, or even suitable for your climate, it’s tough to make an informed planting decision.

Here’s our take: when a plant’s background is this unclear, it’s usually wise to err on the side of caution. Rather than taking a gamble with an unknown quantity, consider exploring well-documented native clover alternatives that can provide similar benefits with known characteristics.

Better Alternatives to Consider

Instead of rolling the dice with this mysterious clover, why not look into native legumes that are well-studied and proven garden performers? Research native clovers, vetches, or other nitrogen-fixing plants that are indigenous to your specific region. Your local native plant society or extension office can point you toward species that will thrive in your area while supporting local ecosystems.

If You’re Still Curious

Should you encounter this plant or seeds labeled as Trifolium subterraneum brachycalycinum, we’d recommend reaching out to botanical experts or your local university extension for guidance. Sometimes these lesser-known varieties have interesting stories or specific regional applications that aren’t widely documented online.

Remember, the best garden plants are usually the ones we understand well – their needs, their habits, and their place in the local ecosystem. When in doubt, choosing well-documented native species is almost always the smarter, more sustainable path forward.

Subterranean Clover

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Trifolium L. - clover

Species

Trifolium subterraneum L. - subterranean clover

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA