North America Non-native Plant

Sprouting Broccoli

Botanical name: Brassica oleracea var. italica

USDA symbol: BROLI

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Sprouting Broccoli: A Cool-Weather Crop Worth Growing If you’re looking to expand your cool-season vegetable repertoire, sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) might just be the perfect addition to your garden. This delicious and nutritious crop offers something a bit different from regular broccoli, producing multiple smaller florets over an ...

Sprouting Broccoli: A Cool-Weather Crop Worth Growing

If you’re looking to expand your cool-season vegetable repertoire, sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) might just be the perfect addition to your garden. This delicious and nutritious crop offers something a bit different from regular broccoli, producing multiple smaller florets over an extended harvest period rather than one large head.

What Exactly Is Sprouting Broccoli?

Sprouting broccoli is a variety of the common broccoli plant that’s been cultivated for centuries. Unlike its more familiar cousin that produces one large central head, sprouting broccoli develops numerous smaller, tender shoots with loose florets. These can be purple, white, or green, and both the florets and tender stems are completely edible.

Where Does It Come From?

This isn’t a native North American plant – sprouting broccoli originally hails from the Mediterranean region and the Atlantic coasts of France and Spain. However, it has established itself as a non-native species that can reproduce spontaneously in some areas, particularly in the Pacific Basin (excluding Hawaii). In the United States, it’s been documented growing in Guam and U.S. Minor Outlying Islands.

Why Grow Sprouting Broccoli?

There are several compelling reasons to consider adding sprouting broccoli to your garden:

  • Extended harvest period compared to traditional broccoli
  • Excellent source of vitamins C and K, plus folate and fiber
  • Attractive blue-green foliage adds visual interest to vegetable gardens
  • Purple varieties offer striking color contrast
  • Relatively easy to grow in cool weather
  • When allowed to flower, provides nectar for bees and beneficial insects

Growing Conditions and Care

Sprouting broccoli is definitely a cool-weather lover. Here’s what you need to know to grow it successfully:

Climate Requirements: This crop thrives in cool temperatures and can handle light frosts. Plant it for fall and winter harvests in mild climates, or spring harvests in colder areas.

Sun and Soil: Provide full sun (at least 6 hours daily) and well-drained, fertile soil. The plants prefer slightly alkaline soil with a pH between 6.0-7.5.

Planting Tips:

  • Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before transplanting
  • Transplant seedlings when they’re 4-6 weeks old
  • Space plants 12-18 inches apart in rows
  • Keep soil consistently moist but not waterlogged

Harvest and Maintenance

One of the best things about sprouting broccoli is its generous harvest window. Begin cutting the central shoots when florets are tight and compact, then continue harvesting the side shoots that develop. Regular harvesting actually encourages more production, so don’t be shy about cutting those tasty stems!

A Word About Native Alternatives

While sprouting broccoli isn’t invasive and can be a wonderful garden addition, you might also consider incorporating some native plants that provide similar benefits for local wildlife. Native wildflowers and herbs can offer nectar sources for pollinators while supporting the broader ecosystem. Consider adding native plants like wild bergamot, purple coneflower, or native mustards alongside your sprouting broccoli for a garden that feeds both your family and local wildlife.

The Bottom Line

Sprouting broccoli is a fantastic choice for gardeners who want to try something a little different in their cool-season vegetable plots. It’s not going to take over your garden or harm local ecosystems, and it provides weeks of delicious harvests. Just remember to balance your food garden with native plants that support local pollinators and wildlife – your garden (and your dinner table) will be all the richer for it.

Sprouting Broccoli

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Brassica L. - mustard

Species

Brassica oleracea L. - cabbage

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA