North America Non-native Plant

Spindle Tree

Botanical name: Euonymus patens

USDA symbol: EUPA21

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Spindle Tree (Euonymus patens): A Mysterious Plant Worth Investigating If you’ve stumbled across the name spindle tree or Euonymus patens in your gardening research, you might be scratching your head trying to find more information about this elusive plant. You’re not alone! This particular species seems to be one of ...

Spindle Tree (Euonymus patens): A Mysterious Plant Worth Investigating

If you’ve stumbled across the name spindle tree or Euonymus patens in your gardening research, you might be scratching your head trying to find more information about this elusive plant. You’re not alone! This particular species seems to be one of gardening’s little mysteries.

The Challenge with Euonymus patens

Here’s the thing about Euonymus patens – reliable information about this specific plant is surprisingly scarce in botanical databases and gardening resources. While the Euonymus genus is well-known and includes many popular landscape plants, this particular species name doesn’t appear in most standard references.

This could mean a few things:

  • It might be a regional common name that’s been mixed up with the botanical name
  • It could be an outdated or incorrect botanical classification
  • It might be an extremely rare or localized species
  • There could be a spelling variation or synonym we’re missing

What We Do Know About Euonymus

While we can’t provide specific details about Euonymus patens, we can tell you that the Euonymus genus includes both native and non-native species, commonly known as spindle trees or burning bushes. These plants are typically deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees known for their colorful fall foliage and interesting seed capsules.

Before You Plant: Do Your Homework

If you’re considering planting what you believe to be Euonymus patens, here’s our advice:

  • Double-check the plant identification with your local extension office
  • Verify the botanical name with the nursery or supplier
  • Research whether it’s native to your area
  • Check if it might be an invasive species (some Euonymus species are problematic)

Native Alternatives to Consider

Instead of potentially planting an unknown quantity, why not consider some well-documented native alternatives? Depending on your region, you might look into:

  • Native viburnums for similar shrub structure
  • Native dogwoods for colorful fall display
  • Regional native shrubs with similar growing requirements

The Bottom Line

Sometimes in gardening, we encounter plants that seem to exist in a sort of botanical twilight zone. Euonymus patens appears to be one of these mysterious species. Rather than taking a gamble on an unknown plant, we’d recommend sticking with well-documented native species that you know will thrive in your garden and support local ecosystems.

If you have more information about Euonymus patens or have encountered this plant in your gardening adventures, we’d love to hear from you! Gardening is always a learning experience, and sometimes the most interesting discoveries come from these botanical puzzles.

How

Spindle Tree

Grows

Growing season

Spring and Summer

Lifespan

Moderate

Growth form & shape

Multiple Stem and Semi-Erect

Growth rate

Rapid

Height at 20 years

10

Maximum height

10.0

Foliage color

Yellow-Green

Summer foliage density

Dense

Winter foliage density

Dense

Foliage retention

Yes

Flowering

Yes

Flower color

Purple

Fruit/seeds

Yes

Fruit/seed color

Red

Allelopath

No

Nitrogen fixing

None

Toxic

None

C:N Ratio

High

Fire Resistant

No

Foliage Texture

Medium

Low-growing Grass

No

Resproutability

Yes

Coppice Ability

No

Bloat

None

Spindle Tree

Growing Conditions

Adapted to Coarse Soil

Yes

Adapted to Medium Soil

Yes

Adapted to Fine Soil

No

Anaerobic tolerance

None

CaCO₃ tolerance

Low

Cold Stratification

No

Drought tolerance

Medium

Nutrient requirement

Medium

Fire tolerance

Medium

Frost-free days minimum

140

Hedge tolerance

High

Moisture requirement

Medium

pH range

5.0 to 7.5

Plants per acre

700 to 1200

Precipitation range (in)

30 to 60

Min root depth (in)

16

Salt tolerance

None

Shade tolerance

Intolerant

Min temperature (F)

-33

Cultivating

Spindle Tree

Flowering season

Mid Spring

Commercial availability

Routinely Available

Fruit/seed abundance

Low

Fruit/seed season

Spring to Summer

Fruit/seed persistence

No

Propagated by bare root

Yes

Propagated by bulb

No

Propagated by container

Yes

Propagated by corm

No

Propagated by cuttings

Yes

Propagated by seed

No

Propagated by sod

No

Propagated by sprigs

No

Propagated by tubers

No

Seed per pound
Seed spread rate

None

Seedling vigor
Small grain

No

Vegetative spread rate

Moderate

Spindle Tree

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Celastrales

Family

Celastraceae R. Br. - Bittersweet family

Genus

Euonymus L. - spindletree

Species

Euonymus patens Rehder - spindle tree

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA