North America Non-native Plant

Soft Brome

Botanical name: Bromus hordeaceus pseudothominii

USDA symbol: BRHOP

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Bromus mollis L. var. leiostachys Hartm. (BRMOL)  âš˜  Bromus pseudothominii P.M. Sm. (pro hybr.) (BRPS11)   

Soft Brome: A Non-Native Annual Grass to Consider Carefully If you’ve stumbled across the name soft brome in your gardening research, you might be wondering whether this annual grass deserves a spot in your landscape. While Bromus hordeaceus pseudothominii (soft brome) has established itself across parts of North America, there ...

Soft Brome: A Non-Native Annual Grass to Consider Carefully

If you’ve stumbled across the name soft brome in your gardening research, you might be wondering whether this annual grass deserves a spot in your landscape. While Bromus hordeaceus pseudothominii (soft brome) has established itself across parts of North America, there are some important considerations before adding it to your garden plans.

What Is Soft Brome?

Soft brome is an annual grass that belongs to the brome grass family. Despite its common presence in many areas, this plant isn’t actually native to North America. It’s what botanists call a naturalized species – meaning it was introduced from elsewhere but has established self-sustaining populations in the wild.

You might also encounter this plant listed under its botanical synonyms, including Bromus mollis var. leiostachys or Bromus pseudothominii, which can make identification a bit tricky for amateur botanists.

Where You’ll Find Soft Brome

Currently, soft brome has established populations in several states and provinces across North America, including British Columbia, Ontario, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Missouri, and New York. As a non-native species that reproduces without human assistance, it has shown its ability to persist and spread in these regions.

Should You Plant Soft Brome in Your Garden?

Here’s where things get interesting – and where I’d encourage you to pause and consider your options. While soft brome isn’t currently classified as invasive or noxious in most areas, its non-native status raises some important questions for environmentally conscious gardeners.

As an annual grass, soft brome completes its entire life cycle in one year, which means it needs to reseed annually to maintain its presence. While this might seem manageable, non-native grasses can sometimes outcompete native species for resources and space.

Better Alternatives for Your Landscape

Instead of planting soft brome, consider these native grass alternatives that provide similar aesthetic benefits while supporting local ecosystems:

  • Native bunch grasses specific to your region
  • Local sedge species that thrive in your area’s conditions
  • Indigenous prairie grasses if you’re creating a naturalized area
  • Native cool-season grasses for spring and fall interest

The Bottom Line

While soft brome isn’t necessarily harmful to plant, there’s little compelling reason to choose it over native alternatives. Native grasses offer the same ornamental value while providing better support for local wildlife, including native insects and birds that have evolved alongside these plants.

If you’re interested in annual grasses for your landscape, I’d recommend consulting with your local native plant society or extension office to discover the indigenous grasses that would thrive in your specific growing conditions. Your garden – and your local ecosystem – will thank you for making choices that support biodiversity and regional plant communities.

Remember, every plant choice in our gardens is an opportunity to either support or detract from local ecological health. When in doubt, going native is usually the most beneficial path forward.

Soft Brome

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Bromus L. - brome

Species

Bromus hordeaceus L. - soft brome

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA