North America Non-native Plant

Smooth Honeytree

Botanical name: Casearia nitida

USDA symbol: CANI17

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Smooth Honeytree: A Tropical Shrub for Warm Climate Gardens If you’re gardening in Florida’s warm climate and looking for an attractive evergreen shrub, you might have come across the smooth honeytree (Casearia nitida). This glossy-leaved shrub has found its way into many subtropical landscapes, though it comes with some considerations ...

Smooth Honeytree: A Tropical Shrub for Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re gardening in Florida’s warm climate and looking for an attractive evergreen shrub, you might have come across the smooth honeytree (Casearia nitida). This glossy-leaved shrub has found its way into many subtropical landscapes, though it comes with some considerations worth knowing about.

What is Smooth Honeytree?

Smooth honeytree is a perennial shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet in height. True to its name, this plant sports smooth, glossy dark green leaves that give it an attractive, polished appearance year-round. The shrub produces small, inconspicuous white to yellowish flowers that, while not showstoppers, add a subtle charm to the plant.

Native Status and Distribution

Here’s something important to know upfront: smooth honeytree isn’t actually native to the United States. Originally from the Caribbean islands, Central America, and northern South America, this plant has been introduced to Florida, where it now reproduces on its own in the wild. Currently, it’s only established in Florida within the continental United States.

Should You Plant Smooth Honeytree?

The decision to plant smooth honeytree depends on your gardening goals and environmental priorities. Here are some factors to consider:

Reasons You Might Choose It:

  • Attractive glossy foliage that stays green year-round
  • Relatively low-maintenance once established
  • Tolerates heat and humidity well
  • Works well as a specimen plant or for informal screening
  • Compact size fits well in smaller landscapes

Reasons to Consider Alternatives:

  • As a non-native species, it doesn’t provide the same ecological benefits as native plants
  • Native wildlife may not utilize it as effectively for food or shelter
  • Supporting native plant communities helps preserve local ecosystems

Native Alternatives to Consider

If you’re interested in supporting native wildlife and ecosystems, consider these Florida native shrubs that offer similar landscape benefits:

  • Firebush (Hamelia patens) – attracts butterflies and hummingbirds
  • Wild Coffee (Psychotria nervosa) – provides berries for birds
  • Marlberry (Ardisia escallonioides) – excellent for birds and pollinators
  • Coontie (Zamia integrifolia) – supports native butterfly larvae

Growing Conditions and Care

If you do choose to grow smooth honeytree, it’s relatively straightforward to care for in the right conditions:

Climate Requirements:

  • USDA Hardiness Zones 10-11 only
  • Cannot tolerate frost or freezing temperatures
  • Thrives in warm, humid subtropical conditions

Site Selection:

  • Full sun to partial shade (adapts well to various light conditions)
  • Well-draining soil is essential
  • Tolerates various soil types once drainage needs are met

Planting and Care Tips:

  • Plant after the last chance of cool weather has passed
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to establish roots
  • Once established, it’s relatively drought-tolerant
  • Minimal pruning needed – just remove dead or damaged branches
  • Fertilize lightly in spring if desired, though it’s not usually necessary

Landscape Uses

Smooth honeytree works well in tropical and subtropical landscape designs. Its compact size and glossy foliage make it suitable for:

  • Foundation plantings around homes
  • Informal hedges or privacy screens
  • Mixed shrub borders
  • Specimen plantings in small gardens
  • Container growing in larger pots

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While smooth honeytree does produce small flowers that can attract some pollinators and insects, it doesn’t offer the specialized relationships that native plants have evolved with local wildlife. The flowers are small and not particularly showy, so they won’t create the same pollinator magnet effect as many native alternatives.

The Bottom Line

Smooth honeytree can be an attractive, low-maintenance addition to warm climate gardens, particularly if you’re already growing other tropical plants. However, if you’re passionate about supporting local ecosystems and wildlife, you’ll get more environmental bang for your buck by choosing native alternatives that provide food and habitat for Florida’s native creatures.

Whether you choose smooth honeytree or a native alternative, the most important thing is that you’re gardening and creating green spaces that bring you joy while being mindful of your local environment.

Smooth Honeytree

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Violales

Family

Flacourtiaceae Rich. ex DC. - Flacourtia family

Genus

Casearia Jacq. - casearia

Species

Casearia nitida Jacq. - smooth honeytree

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA