North America Non-native Plant

Slender Vetch

Botanical name: Vicia laxiflora

USDA symbol: VILA16

Life cycle: annual

Habit: vine

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Vicia tenuissima Schinz & Thell., non Ervum tenuissimum M. Bieb. (VITE4)  âš˜  Vicia tetrasperma (L.) Schreb. var. gracilis (Hook.) Asch. & Graebn. (VITEG)   

Slender Vetch: A Delicate Annual with a Wandering Spirit Meet slender vetch (Vicia laxiflora), a dainty annual that’s made itself at home in scattered corners of North America despite its European origins. This climbing charmer belongs to the pea family and brings that classic vetch personality to gardens – though ...

Slender Vetch: A Delicate Annual with a Wandering Spirit

Meet slender vetch (Vicia laxiflora), a dainty annual that’s made itself at home in scattered corners of North America despite its European origins. This climbing charmer belongs to the pea family and brings that classic vetch personality to gardens – though whether you want to invite it in is another question entirely.

What Exactly Is Slender Vetch?

Slender vetch is an annual forb, meaning it completes its entire life cycle in one growing season and lacks the woody stems of shrubs and trees. True to its name, this plant has a delicate, almost wispy appearance that sets it apart from its more robust vetch cousins. As a member of the legume family, it has the superpower of fixing nitrogen in the soil – always a nice bonus in any garden.

Where You’ll Find It

This non-native species has established populations in New York and Oregon, proving it’s quite the adaptable traveler. Originally from Europe, slender vetch has managed to reproduce and persist in the wild without human help, showing it’s got some serious survival skills.

The Garden Reality Check

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit complicated). While slender vetch isn’t necessarily a garden villain, it’s also not exactly a garden hero. As a non-native species, it doesn’t provide the same ecological benefits as our native plants. Think of it as that acquaintance who’s pleasant enough but doesn’t really bring much to the party.

Since we don’t have complete information about its invasive potential, it’s one of those proceed with caution situations. It might behave perfectly well in your garden, or it might decide to go on a spreading spree – we simply don’t know enough to say for certain.

Native Alternatives Worth Considering

Before you commit to slender vetch, why not consider some native alternatives that offer similar benefits with guaranteed ecological value?

  • American groundnut (Apios americana) – A native climbing legume with showy reddish-brown flowers
  • Wild lupine (Lupinus perennis) – Another nitrogen-fixing native with stunning blue flower spikes
  • Partridge pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) – An annual native legume with bright yellow flowers

If You Choose to Grow It

Should you decide to give slender vetch a try, keep in mind that specific growing information for this particular species is limited. Based on what we know about similar vetches, it likely prefers:

  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Well-draining soil (though probably adaptable to various soil types)
  • Moderate moisture levels
  • Something to climb on or trail over

As an annual, you’ll need to replant it each year or allow it to self-seed – though given its non-native status, you might want to control that self-seeding tendency.

The Bottom Line

Slender vetch is one of those plants that exists in the gray area between interesting garden addition and ecological question mark. While it’s not a known troublemaker, it’s also not contributing to native ecosystems the way indigenous plants do. If you’re drawn to its delicate charm, consider it for contained situations where it can’t spread beyond your control. But honestly? You’ll probably find more satisfaction (and definitely more ecological benefit) by choosing one of our beautiful native alternatives instead.

Remember, every plant we choose for our gardens is a vote for the kind of ecosystem we want to support. Why not cast your vote for the home team?

Slender Vetch

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Vicia L. - vetch

Species

Vicia laxiflora Brot. - slender vetch

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA