North America Non-native Plant

Sharp-tooth Buckthorn

Botanical name: Rhamnus arguta

USDA symbol: RHAR6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Sharp-tooth Buckthorn: A Mysterious Tree with Limited Information If you’ve stumbled across the name sharp-tooth buckthorn in your plant research, you might be wondering what exactly this tree is all about. Well, you’re not alone in your curiosity! Rhamnus arguta, as it’s scientifically known, is one of those mysterious plants ...

Sharp-tooth Buckthorn: A Mysterious Tree with Limited Information

If you’ve stumbled across the name sharp-tooth buckthorn in your plant research, you might be wondering what exactly this tree is all about. Well, you’re not alone in your curiosity! Rhamnus arguta, as it’s scientifically known, is one of those mysterious plants that seems to fly under the radar of most gardening resources.

What We Know About Sharp-tooth Buckthorn

Sharp-tooth buckthorn is a perennial tree that can grow quite impressively tall—we’re talking 13 to 16 feet or more under the right conditions. Like many trees, it typically sports a single trunk, though environmental factors might occasionally encourage it to develop multiple stems or stay on the shorter side.

Here’s something important to note: this isn’t a native North American species. Sharp-tooth buckthorn is actually an introduced plant that has managed to establish itself and reproduce on its own in the wild, specifically documented in Indiana.

The Information Gap

Here’s where things get a bit puzzling. Despite being documented as present in Indiana, there’s remarkably little detailed information available about sharp-tooth buckthorn’s specific growing requirements, appearance, or ecological impact. This lack of documentation is unusual for a tree species and suggests it might be quite rare in cultivation or possibly misidentified in some databases.

Should You Plant Sharp-tooth Buckthorn?

Given the limited information available about this species, it’s difficult to make a strong recommendation either way. While it’s not currently listed as invasive, the fact that it’s a non-native species that reproduces spontaneously does raise some questions about its potential ecological impact.

If you’re specifically interested in buckthorn species for your landscape, you might want to consider these well-documented alternatives:

  • Native alternatives like Carolina buckthorn (Rhamnus caroliniana) if you’re in its native range
  • Other native shrubs or trees that provide similar ecosystem benefits
  • Consulting with local native plant societies for region-specific recommendations

The Bottom Line

Sharp-tooth buckthorn remains something of an enigma in the plant world. With so little information available about its cultivation, appearance, and ecological role, it’s hard to give you the comprehensive growing guide you might be looking for.

If you’re committed to learning more about this particular species, your best bet might be reaching out to botanical institutions or universities that maintain plant databases. They might have additional information that isn’t readily available in typical gardening resources.

For most gardeners, focusing on well-documented native species will give you better results and more reliable information to work with. Plus, you’ll be supporting local ecosystems in the process—and that’s always a win in our book!

Sharp-tooth Buckthorn

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rhamnales

Family

Rhamnaceae Juss. - Buckthorn family

Genus

Rhamnus L. - buckthorn

Species

Rhamnus arguta Maxim. - sharp-tooth buckthorn

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA