North America Non-native Plant

Senna

Botanical name: Senna ×floribunda

USDA symbol: SEFL4

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Cassia corymbosa Lam. var. plurijuga Benth. (CACOP)  âš˜  Cassia floribunda Cav. (CAFL16)   

Senna: A Bright and Cheerful Shrub for Warm Climate Gardens If you’re looking for a shrub that brings sunshine to your garden with minimal fuss, senna (Senna ×floribunda) might just be the plant for you. This cheerful perennial shrub produces clusters of bright yellow flowers that seem to glow against ...

Senna: A Bright and Cheerful Shrub for Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re looking for a shrub that brings sunshine to your garden with minimal fuss, senna (Senna ×floribunda) might just be the plant for you. This cheerful perennial shrub produces clusters of bright yellow flowers that seem to glow against its green foliage, creating a delightful display that repeats throughout the growing season.

What is Senna?

Senna ×floribunda is a hybrid shrub that typically grows as a multi-stemmed woody plant, usually staying under 13-16 feet in height. You might also see it listed under its botanical synonyms Cassia corymbosa var. plurijuga or Cassia floribunda in older gardening references. This adaptable plant has made itself at home in warm climates, particularly thriving in tropical and subtropical regions.

Where Does Senna Grow?

Currently, Senna ×floribunda has established itself in Puerto Rico, where it reproduces naturally without human intervention. This non-native species has found the Caribbean climate much to its liking, spreading beyond cultivated gardens into the wild landscape.

Why Consider (or Skip) Senna for Your Garden?

There are several compelling reasons why gardeners in warm climates gravitate toward this sunny shrub:

  • Abundant bright yellow flowers that bloom repeatedly
  • Attracts beneficial pollinators like bees and butterflies
  • Drought tolerant once established
  • Low maintenance requirements
  • Adaptable to various soil conditions

However, since senna is not native to most areas where it’s grown, consider incorporating native alternatives alongside it to support local ecosystems. Native plants typically provide better food sources and habitat for local wildlife.

Garden Design and Landscape Role

Senna works beautifully as an ornamental shrub in tropical and subtropical landscape designs. Its bright blooms make it an excellent choice for:

  • Mixed shrub borders
  • Pollinator gardens
  • Low-water landscaping
  • Informal garden settings

The plant’s facultative upland status means it usually prefers non-wetland conditions but can tolerate occasional wet periods, making it quite versatile in garden placement.

Growing Conditions and Care

Senna ×floribunda thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-11, making it suitable for the warmest regions of the United States. Here’s what this adaptable shrub needs to flourish:

Light: Full sun to partial shade (prefers plenty of sunlight for best flowering)

Soil: Well-draining soil of various types

Water: Regular watering during establishment, then drought tolerant

Fertilizer: Minimal fertilization needed

Planting and Care Tips

Getting your senna off to a good start is surprisingly straightforward:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Water regularly during the first growing season to establish roots
  • Prune lightly after flowering periods to maintain shape
  • Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds
  • Watch for the cheerful yellow flower clusters that signal happy, healthy growth

Supporting Pollinators and Wildlife

While senna may not be native, its bright yellow flowers do provide nectar for bees and butterflies, contributing to pollinator support in your garden. The repeated flowering throughout the warm season offers a consistent food source when many other plants may be taking a break.

The Bottom Line

Senna ×floribunda offers gardeners in warm climates an easy-care shrub with reliable color and pollinator appeal. While it’s not native to most areas where it’s grown, it can be a welcome addition to diverse garden plantings when balanced with native species. If you’re in zones 9-11 and want a low-maintenance shrub that brings sunny yellow blooms to your landscape, senna might be worth considering—just remember to include some native alternatives in your garden design too!

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Caribbean

FACU

Facultative Upland - Plants with this status usually occurs in non-wetlands but may occur in wetlands

Senna

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Senna Mill. - senna

Species

Senna ×floribunda (Cav.) Irwin & Barneby [multiglandulosa × septentrionalis] - senna

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA