North America Non-native Plant

Round-leaf Star Orchid

Botanical name: Epidendrum carpophorum

USDA symbol: EPCA6

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Round-Leaf Star Orchid: A Tropical Epiphyte for Specialized Gardens The round-leaf star orchid (Epidendrum carpophorum) is a charming little epiphytic orchid that brings a touch of tropical elegance to specialized garden settings. While this perennial beauty isn’t native to the United States, it has found a home in Puerto Rico’s ...

Round-Leaf Star Orchid: A Tropical Epiphyte for Specialized Gardens

The round-leaf star orchid (Epidendrum carpophorum) is a charming little epiphytic orchid that brings a touch of tropical elegance to specialized garden settings. While this perennial beauty isn’t native to the United States, it has found a home in Puerto Rico’s warm climate and captures the hearts of orchid enthusiasts with its distinctive round leaves and delicate flower clusters.

What Makes This Orchid Special?

Don’t let the name fool you – this isn’t your typical backyard flower! The round-leaf star orchid is an epiphyte, meaning it grows naturally on other plants (usually trees) rather than in soil. Its thick, rounded leaves give it an almost succulent-like appearance, while small white to pale yellow flowers bloom in terminal clusters, creating a subtle but enchanting display.

As a forb – essentially a non-woody herbaceous plant – this orchid lacks the thick, woody stems you’d find on trees or shrubs. Instead, it’s perfectly adapted for its epiphytic lifestyle, with specialized roots that cling to bark and absorb moisture and nutrients from the air.

Where Does It Come From?

Originally native to Central and South America, including countries like Colombia and Venezuela, this orchid has made itself at home in Puerto Rico, where it now reproduces spontaneously in the wild. In Puerto Rico, you’ll find it growing in suitable tropical conditions.

Should You Grow It?

Here’s the honest truth: the round-leaf star orchid isn’t for everyone, and that’s perfectly okay! This plant is best suited for:

  • Experienced orchid growers who understand epiphytic care
  • Greenhouse enthusiasts with controlled tropical conditions
  • Collectors of unusual tropical plants
  • Gardeners in USDA zones 10-12 with naturally humid, warm climates

Since this is a non-native species, consider exploring native orchid alternatives if you’re passionate about supporting local ecosystems. Many regions have beautiful native orchids that provide better benefits for local wildlife and pollinators.

Growing Conditions and Care

If you decide to grow this tropical beauty, here’s what it needs to thrive:

Light: Bright, filtered light – think of the dappled sunlight under a forest canopy. Direct sun will scorch the leaves, while too little light prevents blooming.

Temperature: Consistently warm temperatures between 65-85°F. This plant cannot tolerate frost or cold snaps.

Humidity: High humidity levels (60-80%) are essential. In drier climates, you’ll need a greenhouse or humidity tray setup.

Growing Medium: Never plant in regular potting soil! Use specialized orchid bark mix or mount it on pieces of tree bark or cork.

Planting and Care Tips

Successfully growing round-leaf star orchid requires mimicking its natural epiphytic environment:

  • Mount on bark pieces using sphagnum moss to help establish roots
  • Water regularly but ensure excellent drainage – soggy roots mean dead orchid
  • Fertilize monthly with diluted orchid fertilizer during growing season
  • Provide good air circulation to prevent fungal issues
  • Be patient – orchids are slow growers and may take years to reach blooming size

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While specific pollinator relationships for this species aren’t well-documented, small orchids like this typically attract tiny insects and occasionally hummingbirds. However, as a non-native species, it won’t provide the same ecological benefits as native plants that have co-evolved with local wildlife.

The Bottom Line

The round-leaf star orchid is a fascinating plant for specialized tropical gardens and orchid collections. While it requires specific care and isn’t suitable for most temperate gardens, it can be a rewarding challenge for experienced growers in the right climate. Just remember to consider native alternatives that might better support your local ecosystem while still satisfying your love for unique and beautiful plants!

Round-leaf Star Orchid

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Orchidaceae Juss. - Orchid family

Genus

Epidendrum L. - star orchid

Species

Epidendrum carpophorum B. Rodrigues - round-leaf star orchid

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA