North America Non-native Plant

Peruvian Nightshade

Botanical name: Solanum peruvianum

USDA symbol: SOPE9

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Lycopersicon glandulosum C.H. Mull. (LYGL2)  âš˜  Lycopersicon peruvianum (L.) Mill. (LYPE)   

Peruvian Nightshade: An Unusual Addition to Your Garden Meet Peruvian nightshade (Solanum peruvianum), a quirky little plant that’s sure to spark conversations among fellow gardeners. This herbaceous beauty hails from the mountains of Peru and Ecuador, bringing a touch of South American flair to gardens willing to embrace something a ...

Peruvian Nightshade: An Unusual Addition to Your Garden

Meet Peruvian nightshade (Solanum peruvianum), a quirky little plant that’s sure to spark conversations among fellow gardeners. This herbaceous beauty hails from the mountains of Peru and Ecuador, bringing a touch of South American flair to gardens willing to embrace something a bit different.

What Makes Peruvian Nightshade Special?

Don’t let the nightshade name scare you away – this member of the tomato family is more fascinating than frightening. Peruvian nightshade produces charming small purple flowers that eventually give way to tiny red-orange berries. The plant itself has a somewhat sticky texture to its green foliage, which gives it an interesting tactile quality that sets it apart from your typical garden plants.

You might also see this plant listed under its scientific synonyms Lycopersicon glandulosum or Lycopersicon peruvianum, especially in older gardening references or seed catalogs.

Native Status and Geographic Distribution

While Peruvian nightshade isn’t native to North America, it has established itself in California, where it reproduces on its own in the wild. This non-native species has found a comfortable home in the Golden State’s Mediterranean-like climate.

Why Grow Peruvian Nightshade?

This plant appeals to gardeners who love collecting unusual species or those interested in the wild relatives of common vegetables like tomatoes. Here’s what makes it worth considering:

  • Unique conversation starter in specialty gardens
  • Attractive small purple flowers that can draw pollinators
  • Interesting berries that add visual appeal
  • Relatively easy to grow in the right conditions

Garden Role and Landscape Use

Peruvian nightshade works best in botanical collections, research gardens, or specialty themed gardens rather than traditional landscape designs. It’s perfect for gardeners who enjoy growing unusual plants or studying the diversity of the nightshade family. The plant functions as a herbaceous perennial in warm climates but can be grown as an annual in cooler areas.

Growing Conditions and Care

Getting Peruvian nightshade to thrive requires attention to its preferences:

  • Climate: Thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-11; treat as an annual in cooler zones
  • Light: Prefers full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-drained soil is essential – soggy conditions will spell trouble
  • Water: Moderate watering; keep soil moist but not waterlogged
  • Temperature: Frost-sensitive, so protect during cold snaps or bring indoors

Planting and Care Tips

Start seeds indoors in cooler climates, giving plants a head start before the last frost. In warm areas, you can direct sow in spring. Regular watering during the growing season keeps the plant happy, but be careful not to overwater. The sticky foliage is normal – don’t worry if the leaves feel a bit tacky to the touch.

Since this plant can self-seed, keep an eye on seedlings if you’re concerned about it spreading beyond your intended garden area.

Consider Native Alternatives

While Peruvian nightshade can be a fun addition to specialized gardens, consider these native alternatives that offer similar benefits:

  • Native nightshade species (Solanum species native to your region)
  • Wild bergamot for pollinator-friendly purple flowers
  • Native berry-producing shrubs for wildlife value

The Bottom Line

Peruvian nightshade is an interesting choice for gardeners who appreciate botanical diversity and don’t mind caring for something a little unusual. While it won’t be the star of a typical landscape design, it can add intrigue to specialty collections and provide a unique talking point for garden enthusiasts. Just remember to give it the warm, well-drained conditions it craves, and you’ll be rewarded with its distinctive flowers and colorful berries.

Peruvian Nightshade

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Solanales

Family

Solanaceae Juss. - Potato family

Genus

Solanum L. - nightshade

Species

Solanum peruvianum L. - Peruvian nightshade

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA