North America Non-native Plant

Perennial Horsegram

Botanical name: Macrotyloma axillare

USDA symbol: MAAX2

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Perennial Horsegram: The Mysterious Macrotyloma axillare If you’ve stumbled across the name perennial horsegram or Macrotyloma axillare in your plant research, you’re not alone in wondering exactly what this plant is all about. This member of the legume family presents something of a botanical puzzle, with limited documentation available compared ...

Perennial Horsegram: The Mysterious Macrotyloma axillare

If you’ve stumbled across the name perennial horsegram or Macrotyloma axillare in your plant research, you’re not alone in wondering exactly what this plant is all about. This member of the legume family presents something of a botanical puzzle, with limited documentation available compared to its more famous cousins in the Macrotyloma genus.

What We Know About Perennial Horsegram

Macrotyloma axillare belongs to the legume family, which means it’s related to beans, peas, and other nitrogen-fixing plants. The name horsegram suggests it’s part of a group traditionally used as fodder crops, though specific information about this particular species is surprisingly scarce in gardening and botanical literature.

The Documentation Dilemma

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit frustrating for us plant enthusiasts): reliable, specific information about Macrotyloma axillare is quite limited. This could mean several things:

  • It may be a less commonly cultivated species
  • It might be primarily documented in specialized agricultural or botanical research
  • The name could be applied to different regional varieties
  • It may be confused with other Macrotyloma species in some references

Native Status and Distribution

Unfortunately, the specific native range and distribution of Macrotyloma axillare remains unclear from widely available sources. Many Macrotyloma species originate from tropical and subtropical regions, but without specific documentation, we can’t make definitive claims about where this particular species calls home.

Should You Grow Perennial Horsegram?

Given the limited information available specifically for Macrotyloma axillare, it’s difficult to provide confident growing recommendations. If you’re considering this plant, here are some thoughts:

  • Verify the exact species identification with reliable botanical sources
  • Check if it’s actually a regional name for a more common Macrotyloma species
  • Consider well-documented native alternatives from the legume family
  • Consult with local agricultural extension offices or botanical gardens

Better-Documented Alternatives

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing horsegram or similar leguminous plants, consider these well-documented options:

  • Native bean species appropriate for your region
  • Local wild peas and vetches
  • Other nitrogen-fixing native plants
  • Established Macrotyloma species with clear growing guidelines

The Takeaway

Sometimes in the plant world, we encounter species names that spark curiosity but don’t deliver easy answers. Macrotyloma axillare appears to be one of these intriguing mysteries. Rather than guessing about its care requirements or native status, the responsible approach is to acknowledge what we don’t know and suggest better-documented alternatives.

If you have reliable information about this species or have grown it successfully, the gardening community would benefit from your experience! Until then, we’ll keep our eyes open for more detailed documentation about this elusive perennial horsegram.

Perennial Horsegram

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Macrotyloma (Wight & Arn.) Verdc. - macrotyloma

Species

Macrotyloma axillare (E. Mey.) Verdc. - perennial horsegram

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA