North America Non-native Plant

Peacock Flower

Botanical name: Tigridia grandiflora

USDA symbol: TIGR4

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Peacock Flower: A Vibrant Summer Bulb for Your Garden If you’re looking to add a splash of tropical flair to your summer garden, the peacock flower (Tigridia grandiflora) might just catch your eye. This striking bulbous plant produces some of the most dramatically beautiful blooms you’ll find in the gardening ...

Peacock Flower: A Vibrant Summer Bulb for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add a splash of tropical flair to your summer garden, the peacock flower (Tigridia grandiflora) might just catch your eye. This striking bulbous plant produces some of the most dramatically beautiful blooms you’ll find in the gardening world, though it comes with its own unique set of growing requirements.

What Makes Peacock Flower Special?

The peacock flower lives up to its common name with spectacular three-petaled blooms that can reach up to 6 inches across. These eye-catching flowers typically display vibrant shades of red, orange, or yellow, adorned with intricate spotted patterns in their centers that give them an almost exotic, peacock-like appearance. Each individual bloom lasts only a day, but the plant produces a succession of flowers throughout the growing season, keeping your garden colorful for months.

Native Origins and Distribution

Peacock flower is native to Mexico and Central America, where it thrives in mountainous regions with well-draining soils and moderate moisture. While it’s not native to North American gardens, it has become a popular ornamental choice for gardeners seeking unique, show-stopping blooms.

Garden Design and Landscape Role

In the garden, peacock flowers work beautifully as:

  • Focal points in mixed perennial borders
  • Colorful additions to cottage-style gardens
  • Container plantings for patios and decks
  • Cut flower gardens for dramatic indoor arrangements

These plants typically grow 18-24 inches tall with a similar spread, making them perfect for mid-border plantings or as accent pieces among other summer bloomers.

Growing Conditions and Care

Peacock flowers are surprisingly straightforward to grow if you can meet their basic needs:

Sunlight: They prefer full sun to partial shade, with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily for best flowering.

Soil: Well-draining soil is absolutely crucial. Heavy, waterlogged soils will cause the bulbs to rot quickly. Sandy loam or amended clay soils work best.

Water: Moderate, consistent moisture during the growing season, but allow soil to dry between waterings.

USDA Hardiness: Hardy in zones 8-10. In colder regions, treat as an annual or lift bulbs for winter storage.

Planting and Care Tips

Plant peacock flower bulbs in spring after the last frost date, placing them about 4 inches deep and 6 inches apart. In colder climates (zones 7 and below), you’ll need to dig up the bulbs after the first frost and store them indoors over winter, much like gladiolus bulbs.

During the growing season, regular watering and monthly fertilizing will keep plants healthy and blooming. Deadhead spent flowers to encourage continued blooming, and allow foliage to die back naturally to feed the bulb for next year’s growth.

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

While peacock flowers do attract some pollinators, including hummingbirds drawn to their bright colors, they’re not considered major pollinator plants. The short-lived nature of individual blooms limits their pollinator value compared to longer-lasting native alternatives.

Should You Plant Peacock Flower?

Peacock flower can be a delightful addition to gardens where gardeners want dramatic, exotic-looking blooms and don’t mind the extra care required in colder climates. However, since it’s not native to North America, consider also incorporating native alternatives that provide similar aesthetic appeal while supporting local ecosystems.

Some native alternatives to consider alongside or instead of peacock flower include:

  • Wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) for colorful summer blooms
  • Cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis) for red color and hummingbird attraction
  • Native lilies like Turk’s cap lily (Lilium superbum) for dramatic flower form

Whether you choose to grow peacock flower or not, remember that the most successful gardens often blend both native plants and well-chosen non-native varieties that don’t pose ecological risks. The key is creating a beautiful space that brings you joy while being mindful of your local environment.

Peacock Flower

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Liliales

Family

Iridaceae Juss. - Iris family

Genus

Tigridia Juss. - peacock flower

Species

Tigridia grandiflora Diels - peacock flower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA