North America Non-native Plant

Paraguayan Dock

Botanical name: Rumex paraguayensis

USDA symbol: RUPA24

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Paraguayan Dock: What You Need to Know About This Non-Native Wetland Plant If you’ve stumbled across the name Paraguayan dock (Rumex paraguayensis) in your gardening research, you might be wondering whether this perennial plant deserves a spot in your landscape. While this South American native has found its way into ...

Paraguayan Dock: What You Need to Know About This Non-Native Wetland Plant

If you’ve stumbled across the name Paraguayan dock (Rumex paraguayensis) in your gardening research, you might be wondering whether this perennial plant deserves a spot in your landscape. While this South American native has found its way into parts of the United States, there’s quite a bit to consider before adding it to your garden wishlist.

Meet the Paraguayan Dock

Paraguayan dock is a perennial forb – essentially a non-woody plant that lacks the thick, woody stems of shrubs and trees. Like other members of the dock family, it’s an herbaceous plant that dies back to the ground each winter but returns from its roots each spring. Think of it as nature’s version of a comeback story, year after year.

Where You’ll Find It Growing

Originally from South America (as the name suggests), Paraguayan dock has established itself in several southern U.S. states. You can currently find it growing wild in Florida, Louisiana, and Texas. As a non-native species, it arrived here through human introduction and has managed to reproduce and persist on its own in these warmer climates.

A Plant That Likes Its Feet Wet

One of the most interesting characteristics of Paraguayan dock is its preference for moist conditions. In the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain region, it’s classified as a Facultative Wetland plant. This fancy term simply means it usually hangs out in wetland areas but isn’t picky enough to turn down a nice non-wetland spot if the conditions are right.

Should You Grow Paraguayan Dock?

Here’s where things get a bit tricky. While Paraguayan dock isn’t currently listed as invasive or noxious, its status as a non-native plant means it doesn’t provide the same ecological benefits as plants that evolved in your local ecosystem. Native plants have co-evolved with local wildlife, pollinators, and soil conditions over thousands of years, creating intricate relationships that support biodiversity.

Consider Native Alternatives Instead

Before you set your heart on Paraguayan dock, consider exploring native alternatives that can provide similar benefits while supporting your local ecosystem:

  • Native dock species: Look for Rumex species that are actually native to your region
  • Native wetland plants: If you’re drawn to moisture-loving plants, explore native sedges, rushes, or wetland wildflowers
  • Native perennial forbs: Your local native plant society can recommend herbaceous perennials that thrive in your specific conditions

The Bottom Line

While Paraguayan dock isn’t necessarily a bad plant, choosing native species for your garden is always the more environmentally responsible choice. Native plants support local pollinators, provide food for wildlife, and are naturally adapted to your climate and soil conditions – making them easier to grow successfully.

If you’re interested in adding moisture-loving perennials to your landscape, reach out to your local native plant society or extension office. They can point you toward beautiful native alternatives that will make both your garden and local ecosystem thrive.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Paraguayan Dock

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Polygonales

Family

Polygonaceae Juss. - Buckwheat family

Genus

Rumex L. - dock

Species

Rumex paraguayensis Parodi - Paraguayan dock

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA