Old World Adderstongue: A Unique Tropical Fern for Hawaii Gardens
If you’re exploring the world of unusual ferns, you might have come across the Old World adderstongue (Ophioglossum pendulum falcatum). This quirky little fern is quite different from the typical feathery fronds you might expect – in fact, it’s so simple-looking that many people walk right past it without realizing it’s a fern at all!
What Makes This Fern Special?
The Old World adderstongue belongs to a fascinating group of primitive ferns that have remained virtually unchanged for millions of years. Unlike the elaborate, divided fronds of most ferns, this species produces simple, tongue-like leaves that emerge directly from the ground. It’s a perennial forb, meaning it’s an herbaceous plant that comes back year after year without developing woody stems.
Where You’ll Find It
Originally native to Southeast Asia and various Pacific islands, the Old World adderstongue has made itself at home in Hawaii, where it now grows wild and reproduces naturally without human assistance. It’s currently found throughout the Hawaiian islands, thriving in the tropical climate.
Should You Grow It in Your Garden?
As a non-native species, the Old World adderstongue presents an interesting case for Hawaiian gardeners. While it’s not currently listed as invasive or problematic, it’s worth considering native Hawaiian fern alternatives that provide similar aesthetic value while supporting local ecosystems.
If you do choose to grow this unique fern, here’s what you can expect:
- Small, inconspicuous appearance that works well in naturalistic settings
- Excellent choice for educational gardens or collections of unusual plants
- Low-maintenance ground cover for shaded tropical areas
- Interesting conversation starter due to its primitive, simple form
Growing Conditions and Care
The Old World adderstongue thrives in tropical conditions, making it suitable for USDA hardiness zones 10-11. Here’s what this little fern prefers:
- Light: Shade to partial shade – avoid direct sunlight
- Soil: Moist, well-draining soil with good organic content
- Water: Consistent moisture without waterlogging
- Climate: Warm, humid tropical or subtropical conditions
Planting and Maintenance Tips
Once established, the Old World adderstongue is relatively low-maintenance. The key is providing consistent moisture and protection from harsh sunlight. Since ferns reproduce through spores rather than flowers, you won’t need to worry about deadheading or attracting pollinators – though this also means it won’t provide nectar for beneficial insects.
Keep in mind that this fern’s simple appearance means it works best when planted in groups or as part of a diverse shade garden where its subtle beauty can be appreciated alongside more showy companions.
Consider Native Alternatives
If you’re interested in supporting Hawaii’s native ecosystem, consider exploring indigenous Hawaiian ferns instead. Native species are naturally adapted to local conditions and provide important habitat and food sources for native wildlife. Your local native plant society or botanical garden can provide excellent recommendations for native ferns that thrive in similar growing conditions.
Whether you choose the Old World adderstongue or a native alternative, adding ferns to your tropical shade garden creates a lush, prehistoric atmosphere that connects your landscape to the ancient world of these remarkable plants.
