North America Non-native Plant

Melilotus Speciosus

Botanical name: Melilotus speciosus

USDA symbol: MESP9

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Melilotus speciosus: An Elusive Sweet Clover Worth Investigating Have you stumbled across the name Melilotus speciosus in your plant research and found yourself scratching your head? You’re not alone! This particular member of the sweet clover family is something of a botanical mystery, with surprisingly little information readily available compared ...

Melilotus speciosus: An Elusive Sweet Clover Worth Investigating

Have you stumbled across the name Melilotus speciosus in your plant research and found yourself scratching your head? You’re not alone! This particular member of the sweet clover family is something of a botanical mystery, with surprisingly little information readily available compared to its more famous cousins.

What We Know (And Don’t Know) About This Plant

Melilotus speciosus belongs to the Melilotus genus, commonly known as sweet clovers. These plants are typically members of the legume family, known for their characteristic three-leaflet leaves and often fragrant flowers. However, when it comes to the specific details of M. speciosus – its common name, native range, and growing requirements – we’re looking at a significant information gap in readily available botanical resources.

The Sweet Clover Family Connection

While we can’t say much about M. speciosus specifically, we do know it’s related to other Melilotus species that are:

  • Annual or biennial herbs
  • Nitrogen-fixing plants that can improve soil
  • Attractive to pollinators when in bloom
  • Sometimes used as cover crops or forage

Geographic Distribution

Unfortunately, the specific geographic distribution of Melilotus speciosus remains unclear from available sources. Many Melilotus species have complex distribution patterns, with some being native to certain regions while introduced elsewhere.

Should You Plant It?

Here’s where things get tricky. Without clear information about M. speciosus’s native status, invasive potential, or rarity, it’s difficult to make a definitive recommendation. Some sweet clovers can be quite aggressive spreaders, while others are valuable native plants.

If you’re considering adding this plant to your garden, we’d recommend:

  • Consulting with local botanical experts or native plant societies
  • Checking with your local extension office
  • Verifying the plant identification with herbarium specimens
  • Considering well-documented native alternatives in the meantime

Native Alternatives to Consider

While you’re researching M. speciosus, consider these well-documented native legumes that offer similar benefits:

  • Wild lupine (Lupinus perennis) for nitrogen-fixing and pollinator support
  • Partridge pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) for sunny, dry sites
  • Wild senna (Senna hebecarpa) for native butterfly gardens

The Bottom Line

Melilotus speciosus remains something of an enigma in the plant world. While the name exists in some botanical references, comprehensive growing information is notably scarce. This could indicate it’s either extremely rare, has limited distribution, or may be known by other names in different regions.

If you’ve encountered this plant or have reliable information about it, consider contributing to citizen science databases or contacting botanical institutions – you might help fill in some important gaps in our understanding of this mysterious sweet clover!

For now, if you’re drawn to the sweet clover family, we’d suggest starting with better-documented species whose native status and growing requirements are well-established. Your garden (and local ecosystem) will thank you for the careful consideration.

Melilotus Speciosus

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Melilotus Mill. - sweetclover

Species

Melilotus speciosus Durieu

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA