North America Non-native Plant

Matthiola Incana Var. Annua

Botanical name: Matthiola incana var. annua

USDA symbol: MAINA3

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Matthiola incana var. annua: Unraveling a Botanical Mystery If you’ve stumbled across the name Matthiola incana var. annua in your gardening research, you might be scratching your head—and for good reason! This particular botanical designation appears to be something of a taxonomic puzzle that even experienced gardeners and botanists find ...

Matthiola incana var. annua: Unraveling a Botanical Mystery

If you’ve stumbled across the name Matthiola incana var. annua in your gardening research, you might be scratching your head—and for good reason! This particular botanical designation appears to be something of a taxonomic puzzle that even experienced gardeners and botanists find confusing.

The Name Game: What’s in a Variety?

Here’s where things get a bit tangled: while Matthiola incana (commonly known as stock or hoary stock) is a well-recognized species in the mustard family, the variety designation var. annua doesn’t appear in standard botanical references. This could be a case of horticultural confusion, where the annual growth habit of some stock varieties got mixed up with formal botanical naming conventions.

The Stock Family Connection

The genus Matthiola includes several species of fragrant flowering plants that gardeners adore for their sweet evening scent and colorful spikes of flowers. These Mediterranean natives have been garden favorites for centuries, prized for their ability to perfume entire garden areas with their distinctive fragrance.

Geographic Origins and Distribution

The Matthiola genus originates from the Mediterranean region and parts of southwestern and central Asia. These plants have naturalized in various temperate regions around the world, though specific distribution information for var. annua remains unclear due to the uncertain taxonomic status.

Growing Considerations

Without clear taxonomic verification, it’s challenging to provide specific growing advice for this particular variety. However, if you’re interested in growing stock flowers, here are some general guidelines for the Matthiola genus:

  • Most stock varieties prefer cool weather conditions
  • They typically thrive in full sun to partial shade
  • Well-draining, fertile soil is essential
  • Regular watering helps maintain consistent growth

A Word of Caution for Native Plant Gardeners

Since Matthiola species are not native to North America, native plant enthusiasts might want to consider indigenous alternatives that provide similar benefits to local ecosystems. Native plants support local wildlife, require less maintenance once established, and help preserve regional biodiversity.

The Bottom Line

If you’re considering planting what’s labeled as Matthiola incana var. annua, we’d recommend double-checking with reputable nurseries or botanical sources first. You might find that what you’re actually looking for is simply an annual cultivar of regular Matthiola incana, or perhaps an entirely different Matthiola species altogether.

When in doubt, stick with clearly identified plant varieties from trusted sources, and don’t hesitate to ask questions about botanical names that seem unclear. Your garden—and local ecosystem—will thank you for the extra attention to detail!

Matthiola Incana Var. Annua

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Dilleniidae

Order

Capparales

Family

Brassicaceae Burnett - Mustard family

Genus

Matthiola W.T. Aiton - stock

Species

Matthiola incana (L.) W.T. Aiton - tenweeks stock

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA