North America Non-native Plant

Manihot Carthagenensis

Botanical name: Manihot carthagenensis

USDA symbol: MACA32

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Pacific Basin excluding Hawaii  

Manihot carthagenensis: A Mysterious Tropical Tree Worth Understanding Ever stumbled across a plant name that sounds intriguing but leaves you scratching your head? Meet Manihot carthagenensis, a tree that’s both fascinating and frustratingly mysterious in the world of gardening. While it belongs to the same genus as the well-known cassava ...

Manihot carthagenensis: A Mysterious Tropical Tree Worth Understanding

Ever stumbled across a plant name that sounds intriguing but leaves you scratching your head? Meet Manihot carthagenensis, a tree that’s both fascinating and frustratingly mysterious in the world of gardening. While it belongs to the same genus as the well-known cassava plant, this particular species flies pretty far under the radar.

What We Know About This Elusive Tree

Manihot carthagenensis is a perennial tree that typically grows as a single-stemmed woody plant, reaching heights of 13-16 feet or more under ideal conditions. Like other trees, it can sometimes develop multiple stems or stay shorter than expected depending on environmental factors.

This tree currently grows in Hawaii and Palau, though it’s not native to either location. Originally from tropical regions, it has managed to establish itself and reproduce naturally in these Pacific locations without human intervention.

The Challenge: Limited Information Available

Here’s where things get tricky for gardeners. Unlike popular landscape plants that have been extensively studied and documented, Manihot carthagenensis remains something of an enigma. We simply don’t have reliable information about:

  • Its common names or local nicknames
  • Specific growing requirements and care needs
  • Wildlife and pollinator benefits
  • Invasive potential or ecological impacts
  • Propagation methods
  • Aesthetic qualities and seasonal changes

Should You Plant It?

Given the lack of comprehensive information about this species, it’s difficult to recommend Manihot carthagenensis for most gardeners. While it’s not currently listed as invasive, the absence of data means we can’t fully understand its potential impact on local ecosystems or its suitability for different garden settings.

If you’re drawn to unusual tropical trees, you’ll likely have better success with well-documented alternatives that offer known benefits and clear growing guidelines.

Better Alternatives to Consider

Instead of taking a chance on this mysterious species, consider these well-researched native or well-behaved non-native options for tropical and subtropical gardens:

  • Native trees specific to your region that support local wildlife
  • Well-documented tropical species with known care requirements
  • Trees with established track records in your climate zone

Growing Conditions (Best Guess)

Based on its current distribution in Hawaii and Palau, Manihot carthagenensis likely prefers:

  • Warm, tropical climates (probably USDA zones 10-12)
  • Year-round temperatures above freezing
  • Adequate moisture and humidity

However, without specific studies, these are educated guesses rather than proven requirements.

The Bottom Line

While Manihot carthagenensis might intrigue plant collectors and botanical enthusiasts, most gardeners will find better value in choosing plants with established reputations and clear growing guidelines. If you’re passionate about rare or unusual species, consider connecting with botanical gardens or plant societies that might have more information about this elusive tree.

Remember, successful gardening often comes down to choosing the right plant for the right place – and that’s much easier when you have reliable information to guide your decisions.

Manihot Carthagenensis

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Euphorbiales

Family

Euphorbiaceae Juss. - Spurge family

Genus

Manihot Mill. - cassava

Species

Manihot carthagenensis (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA