North America Non-native Plant

Madagascar Grass

Botanical name: Neyraudia arundinacea

USDA symbol: NEAR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Madagascar Grass: A Towering Ornamental for Spacious Gardens If you’re looking for a dramatic grass that makes a statement in your landscape, Madagascar grass (Neyraudia arundinacea) might just catch your eye. This towering perennial grass brings an exotic flair to gardens, but before you fall head over heels for its ...

Madagascar Grass: A Towering Ornamental for Spacious Gardens

If you’re looking for a dramatic grass that makes a statement in your landscape, Madagascar grass (Neyraudia arundinacea) might just catch your eye. This towering perennial grass brings an exotic flair to gardens, but before you fall head over heels for its impressive height, let’s dive into what makes this plant tick and whether it’s right for your space.

What Exactly Is Madagascar Grass?

Madagascar grass is a perennial grass that belongs to the Poaceae family – the same family that includes your lawn grass, though this beauty is anything but ordinary. True to its name, this grass hails from Madagascar and parts of East Africa, making it a non-native addition to North American gardens.

This isn’t your typical border grass. We’re talking about a plant that can shoot up to 6-12 feet tall, creating living walls of green topped with feathery, ornamental plumes. It’s the kind of grass that makes neighbors stop and ask, What is that magnificent thing?

The Good, The Beautiful, and The Space-Hungry

Let’s be honest – Madagascar grass isn’t for everyone, and that’s perfectly okay! Here’s what you need to know:

The Appeal:

  • Dramatic height creates instant privacy screens
  • Feathery plumes add textural interest
  • Relatively low maintenance once established
  • Tolerates various soil conditions

The Reality Check:

  • Requires significant space – not suitable for small gardens
  • Limited direct benefits for pollinators (it’s wind-pollinated)
  • Non-native origin means it won’t support local ecosystems like native grasses would

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’ve got the space and Madagascar grass has won your heart, here’s how to keep it happy:

Climate Needs: This tropical native thrives in USDA hardiness zones 9-11. If you’re gardening in cooler climates, this grass simply won’t survive your winters outdoors.

Sun and Soil: Give it full sun for the best growth and those show-stopping plumes. While it’s not particularly fussy about soil type, it does appreciate consistent moisture, especially during its establishment period.

Planting Tips:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Space plants adequately – remember, these grow large!
  • Water regularly during the first growing season
  • Consider periodic division to manage size and maintain vigor

Garden Design Ideas

Madagascar grass works best as a specimen plant or backdrop in large landscapes. Think of it as the dramatic friend in your plant group – it needs space to shine and shouldn’t compete with delicate neighbors. It’s perfect for:

  • Creating natural privacy screens
  • Adding height to large perennial borders
  • Naturalizing in expansive garden areas
  • Providing structure in contemporary landscape designs

Consider Native Alternatives

While Madagascar grass can be a stunning addition to the right garden, consider exploring native ornamental grasses that offer similar dramatic appeal while supporting local wildlife. Native alternatives like big bluestem, switchgrass, or other regional tall grasses can provide height, movement, and beauty while feeding birds and supporting beneficial insects.

Your local native plant society or extension office can help you identify which tall native grasses thrive in your specific area and might give you that same wow factor you’re seeking.

The Bottom Line

Madagascar grass is like that stunning piece of furniture that only works in the right room. If you have a large garden in zones 9-11 and want a dramatic, low-maintenance grass that creates instant impact, it could be perfect. Just remember that with great height comes great responsibility – make sure you have the space and understand that you’re planting something that won’t contribute to your local ecosystem the way native plants do.

Whatever you choose, happy gardening!

Madagascar Grass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Neyraudia Hook. f. - neyraudia

Species

Neyraudia arundinacea (L.) Henr. [excluded] - Madagascar grass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA