North America Non-native Plant

Lineseed

Botanical name: Bellardia

USDA symbol: BELLA

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Lineseed (Bellardia): An Obscure Annual You’ve Probably Never Heard Of If you’ve stumbled across the name lineseed or its botanical name Bellardia while browsing plant databases, you’re not alone in wondering what exactly this mysterious plant is all about. This annual species has quietly established itself in a few corners ...

Lineseed (Bellardia): An Obscure Annual You’ve Probably Never Heard Of

If you’ve stumbled across the name lineseed or its botanical name Bellardia while browsing plant databases, you’re not alone in wondering what exactly this mysterious plant is all about. This annual species has quietly established itself in a few corners of the United States, though it remains one of those plants that flies completely under the radar of most gardeners and even many botanists.

What Is Lineseed?

Lineseed (Bellardia) is an annual plant that falls into that interesting category of non-native species that have managed to naturalize in parts of America. Unlike some of our more notorious plant immigrants, this one seems to have settled in without making much of a fuss – or much of an impression, for that matter.

Currently, you can find established populations of Bellardia in three states: California, Louisiana, and Texas. It’s one of those plants that reproduces on its own in the wild without any human intervention, quietly going about its business in these scattered locations.

The Mystery Plant Dilemma

Here’s where things get interesting – and a bit frustrating for curious gardeners. Despite its presence in American landscapes, detailed information about lineseed’s horticultural characteristics, growing requirements, and garden performance is surprisingly scarce. We know it’s an annual, but specifics about its height, spread, flower characteristics, and preferred growing conditions remain largely undocumented in readily available sources.

This lack of information presents a challenge for gardeners who might be considering adding it to their landscapes. Without clear data on its growth habits, potential invasiveness, or ecological impact, it’s difficult to make an informed decision about whether this plant deserves a spot in your garden.

Should You Grow Lineseed?

Given the limited information available about Bellardia’s garden performance and potential ecological impacts, most gardeners would be better served by choosing well-documented alternatives. While we can’t definitively say whether lineseed poses any environmental concerns, the uncertainty itself is reason enough to consider other options.

Instead of taking a chance on this botanical mystery, why not explore some of the fantastic native annual options available in your region? Native plants offer several advantages:

  • Well-documented growing requirements and characteristics
  • Proven benefits for local wildlife and pollinators
  • Adapted to local climate conditions
  • Support for local ecosystems

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Depending on your location, consider these native annual alternatives that offer both beauty and ecological benefits:

For California gardeners, native annuals like clarkia, baby blue eyes (Nemophila), or California poppies provide spectacular seasonal color with guaranteed garden performance. Louisiana gardeners might explore native sunflowers or wild bergamot, while Texas gardeners can choose from bluebonnets, Indian paintbrush, or native cosmos.

The Bottom Line

While Bellardia (lineseed) might seem intriguing precisely because it’s so mysterious, successful gardening usually relies on choosing plants with predictable characteristics and known benefits. With thousands of well-documented native and non-invasive non-native plants to choose from, there’s really no compelling reason to gamble on a botanical question mark.

If you’re drawn to unusual or lesser-known plants, consider working with your local native plant society or extension office to discover hidden gems among your region’s native flora. You’ll likely find plenty of fascinating options that offer both uniqueness and the peace of mind that comes with choosing plants that are proven garden performers and ecological contributors.

Lineseed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Bellardia All. - lineseed

Species

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA