North America Non-native Plant

Laurel-leaf Swordfern

Botanical name: Nephrolepis laurifolia

USDA symbol: NELA2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Laurel-Leaf Swordfern: A Tropical Beauty for Your Shade Garden Looking to add some lush, tropical flair to your shady spots? The laurel-leaf swordfern (Nephrolepis laurifolia) might just be the green companion you’ve been searching for. This elegant fern brings a touch of the tropics wherever it grows, though it comes ...

Laurel-Leaf Swordfern: A Tropical Beauty for Your Shade Garden

Looking to add some lush, tropical flair to your shady spots? The laurel-leaf swordfern (Nephrolepis laurifolia) might just be the green companion you’ve been searching for. This elegant fern brings a touch of the tropics wherever it grows, though it comes with a few things worth knowing before you dig in.

What Is Laurel-Leaf Swordfern?

The laurel-leaf swordfern is a perennial fern that’s all about that classic fern aesthetic – think graceful, arching fronds that create beautiful cascading displays. As a member of the fern family, it reproduces through spores rather than flowers, which means you won’t see any blooms, but you’ll get plenty of gorgeous green foliage instead.

This particular species is what botanists call a forb – basically a plant that stays soft and green without developing woody stems like trees and shrubs do. It’s the kind of plant that keeps things fresh and leafy year-round in the right conditions.

Where Does It Come From?

Here’s where things get interesting: while the laurel-leaf swordfern has made itself at home in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands, it’s actually not native to these areas. Originally from tropical regions of Central America and northern South America, this fern has been introduced to these Caribbean locations where it now reproduces on its own and has become part of the local landscape.

The Good, The Bad, and The Tropical

So, should you plant laurel-leaf swordfern? Well, it depends on what you’re looking for and where you’re gardening.

The Appeal

  • Creates instant tropical vibes with its large, elegant fronds
  • Perfect for adding lush texture to shady areas
  • Works beautifully as a specimen plant or in groupings
  • Can be grown indoors as a houseplant in cooler climates
  • Low-maintenance once established in the right conditions

Things to Consider

  • Not native to most areas where it’s commonly grown
  • Requires consistently warm temperatures (USDA zones 9-11)
  • Needs specific growing conditions to thrive

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re in USDA hardiness zones 9 through 11, you can grow laurel-leaf swordfern outdoors year-round. In cooler areas, it makes an excellent houseplant or container plant that you can bring indoors when temperatures drop.

What It Needs to Thrive

  • Light: Shade to partial shade – direct sunlight will scorch those beautiful fronds
  • Soil: Consistently moist but well-draining soil that doesn’t stay soggy
  • Humidity: High humidity levels (it is a tropical plant, after all)
  • Temperature: Warm conditions year-round, no frost tolerance

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in a spot that gets morning light but afternoon shade
  • Keep soil evenly moist but not waterlogged
  • Mist regularly or use a humidifier if growing indoors
  • Remove any brown or damaged fronds to keep the plant looking its best
  • Feed occasionally with a balanced, diluted fertilizer during the growing season

Garden Design Ideas

Laurel-leaf swordfern shines in tropical-themed gardens, shade gardens, and as an understory plant. It’s perfect for creating that lush, jungle-like feeling alongside other tropical plants. Container growing is also a great option, especially if you want to move it around or bring it indoors.

The fern works beautifully as a backdrop for colorful flowering plants or as a standalone specimen where you want to add some dramatic green texture without overwhelming the space.

A Note About Native Alternatives

While laurel-leaf swordfern isn’t considered invasive in most areas, it’s worth considering native fern species that might provide similar aesthetic benefits while supporting local ecosystems. Native ferns often require less maintenance once established and provide better habitat for local wildlife.

Before planting, check with your local native plant society or extension office to learn about beautiful native fern options in your area.

The Bottom Line

Laurel-leaf swordfern can be a stunning addition to the right garden, especially if you’re going for that tropical, lush look. Just make sure you can provide the warm, humid, shady conditions it craves. And remember – sometimes the most beautiful garden is one that celebrates the plants that naturally belong in your area, so don’t forget to explore native alternatives too.

Whether you choose this tropical beauty or a native cousin, ferns are fantastic for adding that soft, green texture that makes any garden feel more alive and welcoming.

Laurel-leaf Swordfern

Classification

Group

Fern

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision
Division

Pteridophyta - Ferns

Subdivision
Class

Filicopsida

Subclass
Order

Polypodiales

Family

Dryopteridaceae Herter - Wood Fern family

Genus

Nephrolepis Schott - swordfern

Species

Nephrolepis laurifolia (Christ) Proctor - laurel-leaf swordfern

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA