North America Non-native Plant

Larkspur

Botanical name: Delphinium

USDA symbol: DELPH

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: It's either native or not native in Alaska âš˜ It's either native or not native in Canada âš˜ It's either native or not native in the lower 48 states  

Growing Larkspur: A Gardener’s Guide to Delphinium If you’re looking to add some serious drama to your garden, larkspur (Delphinium) might just be the showstopper you’ve been searching for. These towering beauties are like nature’s own skyscrapers, reaching impressive heights and creating stunning vertical displays that can transform any landscape ...

Growing Larkspur: A Gardener’s Guide to Delphinium

If you’re looking to add some serious drama to your garden, larkspur (Delphinium) might just be the showstopper you’ve been searching for. These towering beauties are like nature’s own skyscrapers, reaching impressive heights and creating stunning vertical displays that can transform any landscape from ordinary to absolutely spectacular.

What Makes Larkspur Special?

Larkspur is a perennial forb – basically a fancy way of saying it’s a non-woody plant that comes back year after year. Think of it as the reliable friend who always shows up to the party looking fabulous. These plants are known for their distinctive growth habit, lacking significant woody tissue but making up for it with their herbaceous charm and impressive flower spikes.

Where Larkspur Calls Home

Delphinium has quite the travel resume! You’ll find various species growing across an impressive range that includes Alaska, most Canadian provinces, and virtually every state in the lower 48. From the cold reaches of Alberta and Alaska to the warmer climates of Florida and Texas, larkspur has adapted to diverse conditions across North America.

While the native status of Delphinium as a genus is somewhat undefined across different regions, many individual species have deep roots in North American landscapes, making them well-suited to local growing conditions.

The Visual Impact: Why Your Garden Needs Larkspur

Picture this: towering spikes of densely packed flowers in brilliant blues, rich purples, soft pinks, and pristine whites, reaching skyward like botanical fireworks. Larkspur doesn’t just grow in your garden – it commands attention and creates dramatic focal points that can be seen from across the yard.

These plants typically serve as the backbone of perennial borders, earning their keep in the back-of-the-border position where their height (often 4-8 feet tall) won’t overshadow shorter companions. They’re absolutely perfect for:

  • Cottage gardens where their informal elegance fits right in
  • Formal perennial borders that need vertical structure
  • Cutting gardens for spectacular indoor arrangements
  • Backgrounds for shorter flowering plants

Friends with Wings: Pollinator and Wildlife Benefits

Your local pollinators will thank you for planting larkspur! These flowers are particularly beloved by bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds who can’t resist those nectar-rich blooms. The tubular flower shape is perfectly designed for long-tongued pollinators, making your garden a bustling hub of activity during blooming season.

Interestingly, research has shown that terrestrial birds incorporate larkspur into about 5-10% of their diet, though they don’t typically use the plants for cover. It’s like having a garden buffet that caters to both the flying and the crawling members of your local ecosystem.

Growing Conditions: Setting Your Larkspur Up for Success

Larkspur can be a bit particular about its living conditions – think of it as having refined tastes rather than being difficult. Here’s what these beauties prefer:

  • Light: Full sun to partial shade (morning sun with afternoon protection in hot climates)
  • Soil: Rich, fertile, well-draining soil with good organic content
  • Climate: Cool, moist conditions; they’re happiest in USDA zones 3-7
  • Space: Allow 1-3 feet between plants for good air circulation

Planting and Care Tips for Thriving Larkspur

Success with larkspur comes down to understanding what makes these plants tick:

  • Staking is essential: Those tall flower spikes need support, especially in windy locations
  • Deadhead regularly: Remove spent flowers to encourage more blooms and prevent excessive self-seeding
  • Feed them well: Rich, composted soil and regular feeding during the growing season keep them happy
  • Divide when needed: Every 3-4 years, divide clumps to maintain vigor
  • Watch for pests: Keep an eye out for slugs, snails, and aphids

Should You Plant Larkspur?

If you’re gardening in cooler climates (zones 3-7) and have space for tall, dramatic plants, larkspur can be an excellent addition to your landscape. They’re particularly valuable if you’re trying to create a cottage garden aesthetic or need plants that will attract pollinators.

However, keep in mind that larkspur does require some maintenance – the staking, deadheading, and occasional division aren’t deal-breakers, but they’re commitments you’ll need to make for long-term success.

For gardeners in warmer zones or those seeking lower-maintenance alternatives, consider researching native alternatives specific to your region that might offer similar visual impact with less fuss.

The Bottom Line

Larkspur isn’t just a plant – it’s a statement. When grown in the right conditions with proper care, these magnificent perennials can transform your garden into something truly spectacular. Just remember: great beauty sometimes requires a little extra effort, and larkspur is definitely worth it for gardeners ready to meet its needs.

Wildlife Status

Want to attract wildlife or keep hungry critters away from your garden? Understanding the relationship between plants and wildlife is key. While plant tags may indicate deer and rabbit resistance, they don't tell the full story. Every gardener has experienced the disappointment of purchasing "deer-resistant" plants only to find them nibbled to the ground!

The extent to which plants are resistant to animal browsing is a matter of degree. Likewise, the extent to which a plant attracts wanted visitors also varies. Whether you want a garden full or free of wildlife, learning about interactions between a plant and wild animals can help you make smarter choices for the garden you desire.

As shown below Shrubby Indian Mallow isn't a large food source for animals or birds. You can confidently add this plant to your garden and rest assured knowing it's unlikely to be devoured by four-legged visitors.

Small animals

not a food source

not a source of cover

Large animals

not a food source

not a source of cover

Terrestrial birds

5-10% of diet

Infrequently used as cover

Water birds

not a food source

not a source of cover

Sources:

Quinlan, S.E., and S. Cuccarese. 2004. Native Alaskan and exotic plants used by wildlife. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Anchorage.

Larkspur

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Ranunculales

Family

Ranunculaceae Juss. - Buttercup family

Genus

Delphinium L. - larkspur

Species

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA