North America Non-native Plant

Japanese Tree Lilac

Botanical name: Syringa reticulata reticulata

USDA symbol: SYRER2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Syringa amurensis Rupr. var. japonica (Maxim.) Franch. & Sav. (SYAMJ)   

Japanese Tree Lilac: A Fragrant Giant for Your Landscape If you’re dreaming of a tree that combines stunning flowers, delightful fragrance, and impressive size, the Japanese tree lilac (Syringa reticulata reticulata) might just be your perfect match. This substantial flowering tree brings a touch of elegance to larger landscapes with ...

Japanese Tree Lilac: A Fragrant Giant for Your Landscape

If you’re dreaming of a tree that combines stunning flowers, delightful fragrance, and impressive size, the Japanese tree lilac (Syringa reticulata reticulata) might just be your perfect match. This substantial flowering tree brings a touch of elegance to larger landscapes with its creamy-white blooms and attractive bark that resembles a cherry tree.

What Makes Japanese Tree Lilac Special?

Don’t let the name fool you – this isn’t your typical shrub lilac! Japanese tree lilac is a true tree that can tower over 13-16 feet tall, making it quite the statement piece. In late spring to early summer, it puts on a spectacular show with large, fluffy clusters of creamy-white flowers that fill the air with a sweet, honey-like fragrance. The oval to heart-shaped leaves provide nice foliage coverage, and the bark adds year-round interest with its attractive, cherry-like appearance.

Native Status and Where It Grows

Originally from Japan and eastern Asia, this tree has made itself at home in parts of the northeastern United States. While it’s not native to North America, it has established populations in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and New York, where it reproduces on its own in the wild.

Should You Plant Japanese Tree Lilac?

This tree can be a wonderful addition to the right landscape, but there are a few things to consider:

The Good Stuff:

  • Spectacular fragrant flowers that attract bees and butterflies
  • Impressive size perfect for creating focal points
  • Hardy and adaptable to various growing conditions
  • Attractive bark provides winter interest
  • Tolerates urban conditions well

Things to Think About:

  • Needs plenty of space – this isn’t a tree for small yards
  • Since it’s non-native, consider native alternatives like American basswood or native cherry species
  • May not provide the same wildlife benefits as native trees

Perfect Growing Conditions

Japanese tree lilac is surprisingly easygoing when it comes to growing conditions. It thrives in USDA hardiness zones 3-7, making it suitable for much of the northern United States. Here’s what it loves:

  • Full sun to partial shade (at least 6 hours of sunlight for best flowering)
  • Well-drained soil of various types, including clay
  • Regular watering during establishment, then quite drought tolerant
  • Space to spread – give it room to reach its full potential

Planting and Care Made Simple

Getting your Japanese tree lilac off to a good start is pretty straightforward:

Planting:

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are mild
  • Dig a hole as deep as the root ball and twice as wide
  • Water thoroughly after planting and mulch around the base

Ongoing Care:

  • Water regularly for the first two years, then only during dry spells
  • Minimal pruning needed – just remove dead or crossing branches
  • Watch for the usual suspects like aphids or scale, but it’s generally pest-resistant

Landscape Design Ideas

Japanese tree lilac works beautifully as a specimen tree in larger yards, parks, or commercial landscapes. Its size and showy flowers make it perfect for creating focal points, and it’s tough enough for urban environments where many other trees struggle. Just remember – this tree needs room to shine, so it’s not ideal for cozy cottage gardens or small residential lots.

Supporting Pollinators

While it may not be native, Japanese tree lilac does offer some benefits to local pollinators. The fragrant flowers attract bees, butterflies, and other beneficial insects during its blooming period in late spring and early summer, providing a valuable nectar source when many other flowers have finished blooming.

If you have the space and are looking for a dramatic flowering tree that’s relatively low-maintenance, Japanese tree lilac could be a great choice. Just remember to consider native alternatives first, and if you do choose this beauty, give it the room it needs to become the landscape star it’s meant to be!

Japanese Tree Lilac

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Oleaceae Hoffmanns. & Link - Olive family

Genus

Syringa L. - lilac

Species

Syringa reticulata (Blume) H. Hara - Japanese tree lilac

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA