North America Non-native Plant

Iwarancusa Grass

Botanical name: Cymbopogon jwarancusa

USDA symbol: CYJW

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Iwarancusa Grass: An Aromatic Addition to Warm Climate Gardens If you’re looking for an unusual ornamental grass that brings both fragrance and texture to your garden, you might want to consider Iwarancusa grass (Cymbopogon jwarancusa). This perennial grass has been quietly making its way into Florida landscapes, offering gardeners something ...

Iwarancusa Grass: An Aromatic Addition to Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re looking for an unusual ornamental grass that brings both fragrance and texture to your garden, you might want to consider Iwarancusa grass (Cymbopogon jwarancusa). This perennial grass has been quietly making its way into Florida landscapes, offering gardeners something a bit different from the usual suspects.

What Exactly is Iwarancusa Grass?

Iwarancusa grass is a perennial graminoid – that’s just a fancy way of saying it’s part of the grass family. Originally hailing from India and Southeast Asia, this aromatic grass has found its way to the southeastern United States, where it’s established itself as a naturalized resident.

What sets this grass apart from your typical lawn variety is its delightfully fragrant foliage. The narrow, linear leaves release a pleasant scent when brushed against or crushed, making it an interesting sensory addition to any garden space.

Where You’ll Find It Growing

Currently, Iwarancusa grass has been documented growing in Florida, where it reproduces on its own without any help from gardeners. It’s adapted well to the warm, humid climate and seems quite content to call the Sunshine State home.

Should You Plant Iwarancusa Grass?

Here’s where things get interesting. While this grass isn’t native to North America, it hasn’t been flagged as particularly problematic either. If you’re drawn to its aromatic qualities and unique appearance, there’s no urgent reason to avoid it – but there are some things to consider:

The Case for Planting It:

  • Adds wonderful fragrance to garden spaces
  • Drought tolerant once established
  • Unique texture and appearance
  • Low maintenance requirements

Things to Think About:

  • It’s not native, so it won’t support local wildlife as effectively as native alternatives
  • Limited cold tolerance restricts where it can grow
  • May self-seed and spread beyond intended areas

Native Alternatives to Consider

If you love the idea of aromatic ornamental grasses but want to support local ecosystems, consider these native options instead:

  • Sweetgrass (Muhlenbergia filipes) – Native fragrant grass
  • Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) – Beautiful native bunch grass
  • Purple lovegrass (Eragrostis spectabilis) – Delicate native grass with showy seed heads

How to Grow Iwarancusa Grass Successfully

If you decide to give this aromatic grass a try, here’s what you need to know to keep it happy:

Growing Conditions

  • Sunlight: Full sun is best – this grass loves to bask
  • Soil: Well-drained soil is essential; it won’t tolerate soggy conditions
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates occasional deep watering
  • Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 9-11 only

Planting and Care Tips

Spring is your best bet for planting Iwarancusa grass, giving it a full growing season to establish before any potential cold snaps. Choose a spot with excellent drainage – think raised beds or slopes rather than low-lying areas that collect water.

Once planted, this grass is refreshingly low-maintenance. Water regularly during the first growing season to help roots establish, then back off to occasional deep watering during dry spells. An annual trim in late winter or early spring will keep it looking tidy and encourage fresh growth.

Design Ideas and Garden Roles

Iwarancusa grass works beautifully in Mediterranean-style gardens, xerophytic landscapes, or herb gardens where its fragrance can be appreciated. Plant it near walkways or seating areas where people can brush against it and release that lovely scent. It also makes an interesting addition to sensory gardens or as a textural contrast to broader-leaved plants.

The Bottom Line

Iwarancusa grass isn’t going to be the star of every garden, but for the right situation and gardener, it offers something unique. If you’re in the right climate zone and drawn to its aromatic qualities, it can be a lovely addition to your landscape. Just remember that choosing native plants whenever possible is always the most ecologically beneficial choice for supporting local wildlife and maintaining regional biodiversity.

Whether you choose Iwarancusa grass or opt for a native alternative, the key is selecting plants that match your garden’s conditions and your personal gardening goals. Happy planting!

Iwarancusa Grass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Cymbopogon Spreng. - lemon grass

Species

Cymbopogon jwarancusa (Jones) Schult. - Iwarancusa grass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA