North America Non-native Plant

Hybrid Lupine

Botanical name: Lupinus hybridus

USDA symbol: LUHY7

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii  

Hybrid Lupine: A Non-Native Perennial for Hawaiian Gardens If you’ve been exploring perennial options for your Hawaiian garden, you might have come across hybrid lupine (Lupinus hybridus). This interesting member of the legume family has made itself at home in the islands, though it’s not originally from there. Let’s dive ...

Hybrid Lupine: A Non-Native Perennial for Hawaiian Gardens

If you’ve been exploring perennial options for your Hawaiian garden, you might have come across hybrid lupine (Lupinus hybridus). This interesting member of the legume family has made itself at home in the islands, though it’s not originally from there. Let’s dive into what makes this plant tick and whether it deserves a spot in your landscape.

What Exactly is Hybrid Lupine?

Hybrid lupine is a perennial forb – basically a non-woody plant that comes back year after year. Unlike shrubs or trees, it doesn’t develop thick, woody stems but instead grows as an herbaceous plant with softer tissues. As its name suggests, this lupine is likely a hybrid of different lupine species, which explains why detailed information about its specific characteristics can be a bit elusive.

Where You’ll Find It Growing

Currently, Lupinus hybridus has established itself in Hawaii, where it grows and reproduces on its own without human intervention. It’s what botanists call a naturalized species – not native to the islands, but not necessarily causing major ecological problems either.

Garden Performance and Characteristics

As a perennial, hybrid lupine offers the advantage of returning each growing season, making it a potentially low-maintenance addition to gardens. However, specific details about its height, spread, bloom characteristics, and overall garden performance are not well-documented, which can make planning around this plant a bit challenging.

Growing Conditions and Habitat Preferences

One interesting characteristic of hybrid lupine is its wetland status in Hawaii – it’s classified as facultative wetland, meaning it usually prefers moist conditions but can tolerate drier spots too. This flexibility could make it useful in gardens with varying moisture levels or in areas that occasionally get waterlogged.

Should You Plant Hybrid Lupine?

Here’s where things get a bit complicated. While Lupinus hybridus isn’t flagged as invasive or particularly problematic, the lack of detailed horticultural information makes it a bit of a wild card for gardeners. Since it’s not native to Hawaii and we don’t have complete data on its garden behavior, you might want to consider some alternatives.

Native Hawaiian Alternatives to Consider

Before settling on hybrid lupine, consider exploring native Hawaiian plants that can provide similar benefits:

  • Native Hawaiian legumes that support local ecosystems
  • Indigenous perennials adapted to local growing conditions
  • Plants that provide known benefits to native wildlife and pollinators

The Bottom Line

Hybrid lupine represents one of those garden mysteries – a plant that’s established itself in Hawaii but doesn’t come with a detailed instruction manual. While it’s not necessarily a bad choice, the lack of specific growing information and its non-native status suggest that exploring native alternatives might be the wiser path for most Hawaiian gardeners.

If you’re committed to trying hybrid lupine, keep in mind its preference for moist conditions and monitor how it behaves in your specific garden setting. And remember – when in doubt, native plants are almost always your best bet for creating a thriving, ecosystem-friendly landscape.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Hawaii

FACW

Facultative Wetland - Plants with this status usually occurs in wetlands but may occur in non-wetlands

Hybrid Lupine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Lupinus L. - lupine

Species

Lupinus hybridus Lem. - hybrid lupine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA