North America Non-native Plant

Hebe

Botanical name: Hebe ×franciscana

USDA symbol: HEFR

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Veronica decussata Aiton, nom. utique rej. (VEDE6)  âš˜  Veronica franciscana Eastw. (VEFR)   

Hebe: A Hardy Coastal Charmer for Mild Climate Gardens If you’re looking for a low-maintenance shrub that can handle salty air and coastal conditions with aplomb, Hebe ×franciscana might just be your new garden buddy. This compact evergreen shrub brings year-round structure and late-season blooms to gardens in milder climates, ...

Hebe: A Hardy Coastal Charmer for Mild Climate Gardens

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance shrub that can handle salty air and coastal conditions with aplomb, Hebe ×franciscana might just be your new garden buddy. This compact evergreen shrub brings year-round structure and late-season blooms to gardens in milder climates, though it’s worth knowing a bit about its background before you dig that planting hole.

What Exactly Is Hebe ×franciscana?

Hebe ×franciscana, commonly known simply as hebe, is a hybrid shrub that resulted from crossing two New Zealand native species. As a perennial woody plant, it typically grows as a multi-stemmed shrub reaching less than 13-16 feet in height, though in garden settings it usually stays much more compact and manageable.

You might also see this plant listed under its scientific synonyms Veronica decussata or Veronica franciscana in older gardening references, but don’t let that confuse you – it’s the same plant with a bit of taxonomic history.

Where Does It Grow?

While hebe originates from New Zealand, it has established itself as a non-native species that reproduces spontaneously in parts of California. This means it’s found its way into the wild and can persist without human intervention in certain areas of the Golden State.

The Appeal of Hebe

What makes this shrub attractive to gardeners? Several things, actually:

  • Dense, rounded growth habit that creates excellent structure in the landscape
  • Small, leathery, oval-shaped leaves that stay green year-round
  • Clusters of small flowers in white to pale purple that bloom from late summer into fall
  • Exceptional tolerance for coastal conditions, including salt spray
  • Drought tolerance once established

Where Hebe Shines in the Garden

This versatile shrub works particularly well in several garden situations:

  • Coastal and seaside gardens where salt tolerance is crucial
  • Mediterranean-style landscapes that emphasize drought-tolerant plants
  • Low hedging and foundation plantings
  • Specimen plantings in rock gardens or mixed borders

The late-season blooms are particularly valuable for pollinators like bees and butterflies when many other plants are winding down for the year.

Growing Conditions and Care

Hebe ×franciscana is generally hardy in USDA zones 8-10, and might survive in zone 7 with some winter protection. Here’s what it needs to thrive:

  • Light: Full sun to partial shade, though flowering is best in full sun
  • Soil: Well-draining soil is essential – this plant doesn’t tolerate soggy conditions
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but benefits from regular watering during its first year
  • Maintenance: Light pruning after flowering helps maintain shape

Planting and Care Tips

For the best success with hebe:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost danger has passed
  • Ensure excellent drainage – amend heavy clay soils with compost or plant on a slope
  • Water regularly during the establishment period (first year)
  • Protect from harsh, drying winds in inland areas
  • Prune lightly after flowering to maintain compact growth

A Note on Native Alternatives

While Hebe ×franciscana can be a useful garden plant, especially in challenging coastal conditions, it’s worth considering that this is a non-native species. For gardeners interested in supporting local ecosystems, exploring native alternatives that provide similar benefits might be worthwhile. California native options like coyote bush (Baccharis pilularis) or various manzanita species can provide similar structure and drought tolerance while supporting local wildlife.

The Bottom Line

Hebe ×franciscana earns its place in gardens where coastal conditions, drought tolerance, and late-season interest are priorities. While it’s not native to North American ecosystems, it’s also not considered invasive, making it a reasonable choice for gardeners in appropriate climates who appreciate its reliable performance and distinctive character. Just remember that in the spirit of ecological gardening, mixing in some native alternatives alongside non-native workhorses like hebe creates the most balanced and beneficial landscape for both gardeners and local wildlife.

Hebe

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Scrophulariales

Family

Scrophulariaceae Juss. - Figwort family

Genus

Hebe Comm. ex Juss. - hebe

Species

Hebe ×franciscana (Eastw.) Souster [elliptica × speciosa] - hebe

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA