North America Non-native Plant

Harlequinbush

Botanical name: Oenothera hexandra hexandra

USDA symbol: OEHEH2

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Synonyms: Gaura hexandra Ortega ssp. hexandra Ortega [excluded] (GAHEH)  ⚘  Gaura tripetala Cav. (GATR11)   

Harlequinbush: The Mystery Plant That Has Botanists Scratching Their Heads If you’ve stumbled across the name harlequinbush or its scientific name Oenothera hexandra hexandra in your plant research, you’re not alone in feeling puzzled. This botanical enigma has left even seasoned gardeners and plant experts with more questions than answers. ...

Harlequinbush: The Mystery Plant That Has Botanists Scratching Their Heads

If you’ve stumbled across the name harlequinbush or its scientific name Oenothera hexandra hexandra in your plant research, you’re not alone in feeling puzzled. This botanical enigma has left even seasoned gardeners and plant experts with more questions than answers.

What We Know (And Don’t Know) About Harlequinbush

Here’s the honest truth: reliable information about Oenothera hexandra hexandra is virtually non-existent in current horticultural and botanical literature. While the plant has historical synonyms including Gaura hexandra and Gaura tripetala, suggesting it was once classified in the Gaura genus, modern databases contain little to no information about its characteristics, growing requirements, or even its current taxonomic validity.

The Geographic Mystery

Unfortunately, we don’t have reliable information about where harlequinbush is native to or where it currently grows. This lack of geographic data makes it impossible to determine its native status or appropriate growing regions.

Should You Try to Grow Harlequinbush?

This is where things get tricky. Without knowing the plant’s:

  • Native range and status
  • Growing requirements
  • Hardiness zones
  • Invasive potential
  • Current availability

We simply cannot recommend attempting to grow this plant. The lack of information raises red flags about whether this is even a currently recognized species or subspecies.

A Better Alternative: Explore Well-Documented Evening Primroses

Instead of chasing this botanical ghost, consider these well-researched and readily available Oenothera species that offer proven garden value:

  • Oenothera speciosa (Pink Evening Primrose) – a reliable native groundcover
  • Oenothera biennis (Common Evening Primrose) – excellent for wildlife gardens
  • Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri Evening Primrose) – stunning yellow blooms

The Takeaway for Curious Gardeners

While the mystery surrounding harlequinbush might be frustrating, it’s a good reminder that not every plant name you encounter will lead to a viable garden addition. Sometimes the most responsible thing we can do as gardeners is to acknowledge when we don’t have enough information to make safe, informed decisions.

If you’re specifically interested in evening primroses or former Gaura species, stick with well-documented alternatives that come with clear growing instructions, known benefits, and established safety records. Your garden (and local ecosystem) will thank you for it.

Have you encountered other mysterious plant names in your gardening journey? Sometimes the search for information can be just as interesting as the plants themselves!

Harlequinbush

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Myrtales

Family

Onagraceae Juss. - Evening Primrose family

Genus

Oenothera L. - evening primrose

Species

Oenothera hexandra (Ortega) W.L. Wagner & Hoch - harlequinbush

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA