North America Non-native Plant

Giant Sandbur

Botanical name: Cenchrus palmeri

USDA symbol: CEPA22

Life cycle: annual

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Giant Sandbur: Why This Spiny Grass Doesn’t Belong in Your Garden If you’ve ever had the unfortunate experience of stepping on a spiny bur while walking barefoot, you might have encountered the giant sandbur (Cenchrus palmeri). Also known as Sonoran sandbur, this annual grass might sound exotic, but it’s definitely ...

Giant Sandbur: Why This Spiny Grass Doesn’t Belong in Your Garden

If you’ve ever had the unfortunate experience of stepping on a spiny bur while walking barefoot, you might have encountered the giant sandbur (Cenchrus palmeri). Also known as Sonoran sandbur, this annual grass might sound exotic, but it’s definitely not something you want to invite into your garden party.

What Exactly Is Giant Sandbur?

Giant sandbur is a non-native annual grass that originally calls northwestern Mexico home. Despite its foreign origins, this spiky troublemaker has made itself quite comfortable in Arizona, where it reproduces freely without any human help. As a graminoid (that’s fancy talk for grass-like plants), it belongs to the same family as lawn grasses, but trust me – you won’t want this one carpeting your yard.

Where You’ll Find This Unwelcome Guest

Currently, giant sandbur has established populations in Arizona, where it thrives in disturbed soils, roadsides, and sandy areas. Its ability to spread and establish in the wild makes it a plant to watch out for rather than welcome.

Why Giant Sandbur Is a Garden No-No

Here’s the deal with giant sandbur – it’s basically nature’s version of a medieval weapon. This grass produces incredibly spiny seed heads (called burs) that can cause serious pain to anyone unlucky enough to step on them. These burs don’t just hurt; they can actually injure pets, wildlife, and barefoot humans.

The aesthetic appeal? Let’s just say it’s about as attractive as a porcupine in a balloon factory. With minimal ornamental value and maximum potential for causing problems, giant sandbur earns a solid thanks, but no thanks from gardeners everywhere.

Growing Conditions (If You’re Unfortunate Enough to Have It)

Giant sandbur isn’t picky about where it sets up shop. It thrives in:

  • Sandy, well-draining soils
  • Full sun conditions
  • Disturbed or poor-quality soil
  • USDA hardiness zones 9-11
  • Low-water environments (it’s quite drought tolerant)

The fact that it’s so adaptable is precisely why it can become such a problem in natural areas.

Better Native Alternatives for Arizona Gardens

Instead of dealing with the headache (and foot-ache) of giant sandbur, why not choose some beautiful native Arizona grasses that actually belong in the desert Southwest? Consider these fantastic alternatives:

  • Desert bunchgrass (Sporobolus airoides)
  • Arizona fescue (Festuca arizonica)
  • Blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis)
  • Deer grass (Muhlenbergia rigens)

These native beauties will give you the grass-like texture you might want without the painful surprises or ecological concerns.

The Bottom Line

While giant sandbur might be hardy and low-maintenance, it’s definitely not worth the trouble. Between its painful burs and its status as a non-native species, this is one plant that’s better left out of intentional landscaping plans. Stick with native alternatives that will support local wildlife, look great in your garden, and won’t leave you hopping around on one foot!

Remember: a good garden should be a place of beauty and peace, not a minefield of spiky surprises. Your feet (and your guests) will thank you for choosing native alternatives instead.

Giant Sandbur

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Cenchrus L. - sandbur

Species

Cenchrus palmeri Vasey - giant sandbur

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA