North America Non-native Plant

Fourleaf Manyseed

Botanical name: Polycarpon tetraphyllum alsinifolium

USDA symbol: POTEA

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Polycarpon alsinifolium (Biv.) DC. (POAL25)   

Fourleaf Manyseed: A Lesser-Known Ground Cover Option If you’ve stumbled across the name fourleaf manyseed in your gardening research, you’re probably wondering what exactly this plant is and whether it deserves a spot in your landscape. Scientifically known as Polycarpon tetraphyllum alsinifolium, this small forb is quite the mystery plant ...

Fourleaf Manyseed: A Lesser-Known Ground Cover Option

If you’ve stumbled across the name fourleaf manyseed in your gardening research, you’re probably wondering what exactly this plant is and whether it deserves a spot in your landscape. Scientifically known as Polycarpon tetraphyllum alsinifolium, this small forb is quite the mystery plant – even to many seasoned gardeners!

What Exactly is Fourleaf Manyseed?

Fourleaf manyseed is a non-woody perennial or biennial plant that belongs to the forb family. Think of it as a humble ground-hugger that lacks any significant woody stems above ground. Like many forbs, it keeps its growing points either at or below soil level, which helps it survive through different seasons.

You might also see this plant listed under its synonym, Polycarpon alsinifolium, in some botanical references. But don’t let the scientific names intimidate you – this is simply a small, unassuming plant that’s managed to make itself at home in parts of the southeastern United States.

Where Does It Grow?

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit puzzling): fourleaf manyseed has a very limited presence in the United States, with confirmed populations only in Alabama. This narrow distribution makes it something of a botanical curiosity.

Originally, this plant hails from Mediterranean regions, but like many introduced species, it has found ways to establish itself in new territories. However, its limited spread suggests it’s quite particular about where it chooses to call home.

Should You Grow Fourleaf Manyseed?

This is where honest gardening advice comes in handy. While fourleaf manyseed isn’t known to be invasive or problematic, it’s also not exactly what you’d call a showstopper in the garden. Here are some things to consider:

The Reality Check

  • Limited ornamental appeal with small, inconspicuous flowers
  • Very little information available about cultivation requirements
  • Narrow natural distribution suggests it may be finicky about growing conditions
  • As a non-native species, it won’t support local wildlife as effectively as native plants

If You’re Determined to Try It

Should you decide to experiment with this uncommon plant, here’s what we can piece together about its likely preferences:

  • Well-draining soil (typical of Mediterranean plants)
  • Full sun to partial shade
  • Minimal water once established
  • Protection from harsh winter conditions in colder climates

Keep in mind that finding seeds or plants may prove challenging due to its limited cultivation.

Better Native Alternatives

Instead of hunting down this elusive non-native, consider these fantastic native ground covers that will actually support your local ecosystem:

  • Wild ginger (Asarum canadense) for shaded areas
  • Creeping phlox (Phlox subulata) for sunny spots
  • Wild strawberry (Fragaria virginiana) for edible ground cover
  • Partridgeberry (Mitchella repens) for woodland gardens

The Bottom Line

Fourleaf manyseed falls into that category of plants that are more botanically interesting than garden-worthy. While there’s nothing wrong with growing it if you can find it, you’ll likely get much more satisfaction (and ecological benefit) from choosing native alternatives that are easier to grow, more beautiful, and better for local wildlife.

Sometimes the most interesting plants are the ones we admire from afar rather than bring home to our gardens. If you’re curious about this little forb, it might be worth seeking out in its natural Alabama habitat rather than trying to recreate those conditions in your backyard.

Fourleaf Manyseed

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Caryophyllaceae Juss. - Pink family

Genus

Polycarpon L. - manyseed

Species

Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L. - fourleaf manyseed

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA