North America Non-native Plant

Fly Marsh Elder

Botanical name: Iva cheiranthifolia

USDA symbol: IVCH

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Fly Marsh Elder: A Small Coastal Shrub for Specialized Gardens If you’re looking for a low-maintenance, salt-tolerant plant for your coastal garden, you might have stumbled upon fly marsh elder. This petite perennial shrub has carved out a niche in Florida’s landscape, though it comes with some important considerations for ...

Fly Marsh Elder: A Small Coastal Shrub for Specialized Gardens

If you’re looking for a low-maintenance, salt-tolerant plant for your coastal garden, you might have stumbled upon fly marsh elder. This petite perennial shrub has carved out a niche in Florida’s landscape, though it comes with some important considerations for conscientious gardeners.

What Is Fly Marsh Elder?

Fly marsh elder (Iva cheiranthifolia) is a small, unassuming perennial shrub that stays refreshingly compact. You won’t find this plant towering over your garden beds – it typically maxes out at just 1.5 feet tall, though it can occasionally reach up to 3 feet at maturity. Think of it as nature’s answer to a low-maintenance ground cover with a coastal twist.

Where Does It Come From?

Here’s where things get interesting: fly marsh elder isn’t actually native to the United States. This South American native has made itself at home in Florida, where it now reproduces and persists on its own without human intervention. Currently, you’ll find it established in Florida’s coastal areas.

Should You Plant Fly Marsh Elder?

The question of whether to plant fly marsh elder isn’t straightforward. While it’s not classified as invasive or noxious, its non-native status means it won’t provide the same ecological benefits as indigenous plants. Here’s what to consider:

Reasons You Might Choose It:

  • Exceptional salt tolerance for coastal properties
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Compact size perfect for small spaces
  • Drought tolerant after establishment

Reasons to Think Twice:

  • Limited wildlife and pollinator support
  • Non-native origin means fewer ecological connections
  • Inconspicuous flowers offer little aesthetic appeal

Native Alternatives to Consider

Before settling on fly marsh elder, consider these native options that offer similar benefits while supporting local ecosystems:

  • Saltmarsh aster (Symphyotrichum tenuifolium)
  • Sea oxeye daisy (Borrichia arborescens)
  • Beach sunflower (Helianthus debilis)

Growing Fly Marsh Elder Successfully

If you decide fly marsh elder fits your specific needs, here’s how to help it thrive:

Ideal Growing Conditions:

  • Sunlight: Full sun exposure
  • Soil: Sandy, well-draining soils
  • Salt tolerance: Excellent for coastal conditions
  • Hardiness zones: 9-11

Planting and Care Tips:

  • Plant in spring after the last frost
  • Space plants 2-3 feet apart to allow for spreading
  • Water regularly during establishment (first growing season)
  • Reduce watering once established – drought tolerance is one of its strengths
  • Minimal fertilization needed; too much can encourage excessive growth
  • Prune lightly in late winter if needed to maintain shape

What to Expect in Your Garden

Fly marsh elder won’t win any beauty contests, but it serves a practical purpose. Its small, inconspicuous flowers are wind-pollinated, so don’t expect butterfly or bee magnets. The plant’s value lies in its resilience and ability to handle tough coastal conditions that would stress other plants.

In landscape design, use fly marsh elder as a low border plant, ground cover in challenging spots, or filler in coastal rock gardens. Its modest height and spreading habit make it useful for erosion control on gentle slopes near the shore.

The Bottom Line

Fly marsh elder fills a specific niche for gardeners dealing with salt spray, sandy soils, and coastal challenges. While it won’t support native wildlife like indigenous plants would, it can serve as a practical solution in tough growing conditions. Just remember to explore native alternatives first – your local ecosystem will thank you for it!

Fly Marsh Elder

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Iva L. - marsh elder

Species

Iva cheiranthifolia Kunth - fly marsh elder

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA