North America Non-native Plant

Flamegold

Botanical name: Koelreuteria elegans formosana

USDA symbol: KOELF

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: tree

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Synonyms: Koelreuteria formosana Hayata (KOFO)  âš˜  Koelreuteria vitiensis A.C. Sm. (KOVI4)   

Flamegold Tree: A Showy Non-Native Addition to Southern Gardens Looking for a tree that puts on quite the show? Meet the flamegold tree (Koelreuteria elegans formosana), a striking ornamental that’s been making itself at home in southern landscapes. While it’s not a native to our shores, this Asian beauty has ...

Flamegold Tree: A Showy Non-Native Addition to Southern Gardens

Looking for a tree that puts on quite the show? Meet the flamegold tree (Koelreuteria elegans formosana), a striking ornamental that’s been making itself at home in southern landscapes. While it’s not a native to our shores, this Asian beauty has certainly caught the attention of gardeners across the Gulf Coast states.

What Makes Flamegold Special?

The flamegold tree is a real showstopper when it comes to visual appeal. In summer, it bursts into bloom with clusters of small, bright yellow flowers that create a spectacular golden canopy. But the real magic happens after the flowers fade – the tree produces papery seed pods that start out pink and mature to a rusty red color, giving the tree its flame moniker. These eye-catching pods can persist well into fall, extending the ornamental season.

This perennial tree typically grows as a single-trunked specimen, reaching heights of 13-16 feet or more under ideal conditions. Its compound leaves provide nice texture and dappled shade, making it an attractive choice for residential landscapes.

Where You’ll Find Flamegold Growing

Originally hailing from Taiwan and southern China, flamegold has established itself in several southern U.S. states. You’ll find it growing in Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Texas, where it reproduces on its own and has become naturalized in the landscape.

Garden Role and Landscape Uses

Flamegold works beautifully as:

  • A specimen tree in residential yards
  • An ornamental shade tree for patios and seating areas
  • A colorful addition to urban landscapes and parks
  • A conversation starter with its unique seed pods

Growing Conditions and Care

One of flamegold’s best qualities is its relatively low-maintenance nature. Here’s what this tree needs to thrive:

Climate: Hardy in USDA zones 9-11, making it perfect for the warm southern climate

Sunlight: Performs best in full sun locations

Soil: Prefers well-drained soils but is quite adaptable to different soil types

Water: Drought tolerant once established, though regular watering during the first year helps it get settled

Planting and Care Tips

  • Plant in spring or fall when temperatures are moderate
  • Water regularly during the establishment period (first year)
  • Prune during winter dormancy to maintain shape
  • Very low maintenance once established
  • Watch for the spectacular flower and seed pod display each year

Pollinator and Wildlife Considerations

The summer flowers do attract bees and other pollinators, adding some ecological value to your landscape during bloom time.

Should You Plant Flamegold?

While flamegold can be an attractive addition to southern landscapes, it’s worth noting that it’s not native to the United States. If you’re looking to support local ecosystems, you might consider native alternatives that provide similar ornamental value while supporting native wildlife.

Some native alternatives to consider include:

  • Red buckeye (Aesculus pavia) for showy flowers
  • American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana) for colorful fruits
  • Redbud (Cercis canadensis) for early spring blooms

That said, if you’re drawn to flamegold’s unique aesthetic and you’re in zones 9-11, it can make a lovely ornamental tree that’s relatively easy to grow and maintain. Just remember that supporting native plants when possible helps create healthier, more sustainable landscapes for our local wildlife.

Flamegold

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Sapindaceae Juss. - Soapberry family

Genus

Koelreuteria Laxm. - koelreuteria

Species

Koelreuteria elegans (Seem.) A.C. Sm. - flamegold

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA