North America Non-native Plant

Ethiopian Rattlebox

Botanical name: Crotalaria brevidens var. intermedia

USDA symbol: CRBRI

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Synonyms: Crotalaria intermedia Kotschy (CRIN25)   

Ethiopian Rattlebox: What You Should Know About This Lesser-Known Annual If you’ve stumbled across the name Ethiopian rattlebox in your plant research, you might be wondering whether this annual forb deserves a spot in your garden. While Crotalaria brevidens var. intermedia isn’t exactly a household name in gardening circles, it’s ...

Ethiopian Rattlebox: What You Should Know About This Lesser-Known Annual

If you’ve stumbled across the name Ethiopian rattlebox in your plant research, you might be wondering whether this annual forb deserves a spot in your garden. While Crotalaria brevidens var. intermedia isn’t exactly a household name in gardening circles, it’s worth understanding what this plant brings to the table – and what it doesn’t.

The Basics: What Is Ethiopian Rattlebox?

Ethiopian rattlebox is an annual forb, meaning it’s a non-woody herbaceous plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. Like other members of the Crotalaria genus, it’s part of the legume family, though this particular variety flies pretty far under the radar compared to its more well-known cousins.

You might also see this plant referenced by its synonym, Crotalaria intermedia Kotschy, in older botanical literature.

Where You’ll Find It Growing

Here’s where things get interesting (and limited): Ethiopian rattlebox has established itself in just two locations in the United States – Louisiana and Puerto Rico. This narrow distribution tells us it’s quite particular about where it decides to call home.

It’s important to note that this isn’t a native species to these areas. Ethiopian rattlebox is what botanists call an introduced plant – it arrived from elsewhere and managed to establish reproducing populations without ongoing human intervention.

The Garden Reality Check

Here’s the honest truth about Ethiopian rattlebox: there’s remarkably little information available about its garden performance, growing requirements, or ornamental value. This isn’t necessarily a red flag, but it does mean you’d be gardening in uncharted territory.

What we don’t know includes:

  • Specific growing conditions it prefers
  • Mature size and spread
  • Flower characteristics and timing
  • Wildlife or pollinator benefits
  • Potential invasive tendencies

A Word of Caution

Many plants in the Crotalaria genus contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids, compounds that can be toxic to livestock and potentially problematic in garden settings. Without specific safety data for this variety, it’s wise to exercise caution, especially if you have pets or livestock.

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Given the limited information and non-native status of Ethiopian rattlebox, you might want to consider native alternatives that offer similar benefits with better-understood growing requirements:

  • For Louisiana gardeners: Consider native legumes like partridge pea (Chamaecrista fasciculata) or wild senna (Senna hebecarpa)
  • For Puerto Rico gardeners: Explore native options suited to your specific growing zone and conditions

The Bottom Line

While Ethiopian rattlebox might sound intriguing, it’s one of those plants that falls into the proceed with extreme caution category. The combination of limited growing information, non-native status, and restricted distribution suggests it’s not the best choice for most home gardeners.

Your garden will likely be better served by well-researched native plants that offer proven benefits to local ecosystems while being easier to grow successfully. Sometimes the most obscure option isn’t the most rewarding one!

If you’re drawn to annual legumes for your garden, consider reaching out to your local native plant society or extension office for recommendations that will thrive in your specific area while supporting local wildlife.

Ethiopian Rattlebox

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Fabales

Family

Fabaceae Lindl. - Pea family

Genus

Crotalaria L. - rattlebox

Species

Crotalaria brevidens Benth. - Ethiopian rattlebox

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA