North America Non-native Plant

Eleocharis Melanostachys

Botanical name: Eleocharis melanostachys

USDA symbol: ELME3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Synonyms: Scirpus litoralis (Phil.) Kuntze [excluded] nom. illeg. (SCLI14)   

Eleocharis melanostachys: The Mysterious Black-Spiked Sedge Have you ever stumbled across a plant name that sounds intriguing but leaves you scratching your head when you try to find more information? Meet Eleocharis melanostachys, a perennial sedge that’s about as elusive in gardening literature as a shy cat at a dog ...

Eleocharis melanostachys: The Mysterious Black-Spiked Sedge

Have you ever stumbled across a plant name that sounds intriguing but leaves you scratching your head when you try to find more information? Meet Eleocharis melanostachys, a perennial sedge that’s about as elusive in gardening literature as a shy cat at a dog park.

What We Know (And What We Don’t)

Eleocharis melanostachys belongs to the sedge family, making it a grass-like plant that’s technically not a grass at all. Think of it as the botanical equivalent of that friend who looks familiar but you can’t quite place where you know them from. While most plants in the Eleocharis genus are commonly called spike rushes, this particular species doesn’t seem to have earned itself a widely recognized common name.

This perennial plant shares some synonymy with Scirpus litoralis, though that name has been excluded from current botanical naming conventions. It’s like having an old nickname that doesn’t quite fit anymore.

The Challenge of Growing the Unknown

Here’s where things get a bit tricky for us gardening enthusiasts. Eleocharis melanostachys is what we might call a data ghost – it exists in botanical records, but specific growing information is surprisingly scarce. We don’t have reliable information about:

  • Its native range or geographical distribution
  • Specific growing conditions and care requirements
  • USDA hardiness zones
  • Wetland preferences (though most Eleocharis species prefer moist conditions)
  • Wildlife and pollinator benefits
  • Invasive or conservation status

What This Means for Your Garden

If you’re considering adding Eleocharis melanostachys to your landscape, you’re essentially becoming a botanical detective. Without clear growing guidelines, cultivation becomes a bit of an experiment. Most sedges in the Eleocharis genus prefer wet to moist conditions and can be excellent for rain gardens, pond edges, or naturally boggy areas.

A Better Alternative Approach

Instead of wrestling with the mysteries of E. melanostachys, consider exploring other well-documented Eleocharis species or native sedges in your area. These alternatives will give you:

  • Clear growing instructions
  • Known wildlife benefits
  • Established availability through nurseries
  • Proven performance in similar gardens

Your local native plant society or extension office can point you toward sedges that will thrive in your specific region and provide the ecological benefits you’re looking for.

The Bottom Line

While Eleocharis melanostachys might intrigue the plant collector in you, sometimes the most exciting discoveries are the well-documented natives hiding in plain sight in your own backyard. Focus your energy on plants with known benefits and growing requirements – your garden (and the local wildlife) will thank you for it.

Remember, successful gardening is less about chasing botanical mysteries and more about creating thriving ecosystems with plants that are proven performers in your specific conditions.

Eleocharis Melanostachys

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Cyperaceae Juss. - Sedge family

Genus

Eleocharis R. Br. - spikerush

Species

Eleocharis melanostachys (D'Urv.) C.B. Clarke [excluded]

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA