North America Non-native Plant

Dwarf-flower

Botanical name: Dysphania plantaginella

USDA symbol: DYPL

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Dwarf-Flower: A Mysterious Annual with Limited Garden Information If you’ve stumbled across the name dwarf-flower (Dysphania plantaginella) in your plant research, you’re not alone in finding limited information about this elusive species. This annual forb presents an interesting case study in how some plants remain largely undocumented in the gardening ...

Dwarf-Flower: A Mysterious Annual with Limited Garden Information

If you’ve stumbled across the name dwarf-flower (Dysphania plantaginella) in your plant research, you’re not alone in finding limited information about this elusive species. This annual forb presents an interesting case study in how some plants remain largely undocumented in the gardening world, leaving us with more questions than answers.

What We Know About Dwarf-Flower

Dwarf-flower belongs to the forb category, meaning it’s a herbaceous flowering plant without woody stems above ground. As an annual, it completes its entire life cycle within a single growing season, sprouting from seed, flowering, producing seeds, and dying all within one year.

This species has been documented as a non-native plant that has established itself in the wild and can reproduce without human intervention. Currently, it’s been recorded in Maryland, though its full distribution may be broader than documented records suggest.

The Challenge for Gardeners

Here’s where things get tricky for anyone interested in growing dwarf-flower: there’s remarkably little reliable information available about this plant’s specific needs, appearance, or garden performance. This lack of documentation presents several concerns:

  • Unknown growing requirements make successful cultivation difficult
  • Unclear invasive potential means we don’t know if it might spread aggressively
  • Limited availability from reputable nurseries
  • No established track record for garden performance

A Better Path Forward

Given the limited information available about dwarf-flower and its non-native status, gardeners interested in supporting local ecosystems might consider exploring well-documented native alternatives instead. Maryland and surrounding areas offer numerous beautiful native annual wildflowers that provide known benefits to local wildlife and pollinators.

Some excellent native annual options to consider include:

  • Native sunflowers (Helianthus species)
  • Wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa)
  • Native asters and goldenrods
  • Local wildflower seed mixes from reputable native plant societies

The Takeaway

While dwarf-flower remains an intriguing botanical mystery, the lack of available growing information makes it a challenging choice for home gardeners. Sometimes the most responsible approach is to stick with well-documented native plants that we know will thrive in our gardens while supporting local wildlife. Your local native plant society or extension office can point you toward annual wildflowers that will give you reliable results and ecological benefits.

If you do encounter this plant in the wild, consider reporting your sighting to local botanical databases – you might be contributing valuable information about a poorly understood species!

Dwarf-flower

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Caryophyllidae

Order

Caryophyllales

Family

Chenopodiaceae Vent. - Goosefoot family

Genus

Dysphania R. Br. - dysphania

Species

Dysphania plantaginella F. Muell. - dwarf-flower

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA