North America Non-native Plant

Common Dandelion

Botanical name: Taraxacum officinale officinale

USDA symbol: TAOFO

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Alaska âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Greenland âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in St. Pierre and Miquelon  

Synonyms: Leontodon latiloba (DC.) Britton, nom. inq. (LELA13)  âš˜  Leontodon taraxacum L. p.p., nom. inq. (LETA2)  âš˜  Taraxacum atroglaucum M.P. Christ. (TAAT)  âš˜  Taraxacum campylodes G.E. Haglund (TACA11)  âš˜  Taraxacum croceum auct. non Dahlst. (TACR)  âš˜  Taraxacum curvidens M.P. Christ. (TACU2)  âš˜  Taraxacum cyclocentrum M.P. Christ. (TACY)  âš˜  Taraxacum dahlstedtii Lindb. f. (TADA)  âš˜  Taraxacum davidssonii M.P. Christ. (TADA2)  âš˜  Taraxacum devians Dahlst. (TADE)  âš˜  Taraxacum dilutisquameum M.P. Christ. (TADI4)  âš˜  Taraxacum firmum Dahlst. (TAFI)  âš˜  Taraxacum islandiciforme Dahlst. (TAIS)  âš˜  Taraxacum kok-saghyz auct. non Rodin (TAKO80)  âš˜  Taraxacum latilobum DC., nom. inq. (TALA5)  âš˜  Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg. var. palustre (Lyons) Blytt p.p. (TAOFP)  âš˜  Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg. ssp. vulgare (Lam.) Schinz & R. Keller, nom. inq. (TAOFV)  âš˜  Taraxacum palustre (Lyons) Symons var. vulgare (Lam.) Fernald, nom. inq. (TAPAV)  âš˜  Taraxacum pleniflorum M.P. Christ. (TAPL)  âš˜  Taraxacum retroflexum Lindb. f. (TARE)  âš˜  Taraxacum rhodolepis Dahlst. (TARH)  âš˜  Taraxacum undulatum Lindb. f. & Marklund (TAUN)  âš˜  Taraxacum vagans G.E. Haglund (TAVA2)  âš˜  Taraxacum vulgare Lam., nom. inq. (TAVU2)  âš˜  Taraxacum xanthostigma Lindb. f. (TAXA)   

Common Dandelion: A Surprising Gardening Consideration When most gardeners think of dandelions, they picture the ubiquitous yellow flowers dotting lawns everywhere. But Taraxacum officinale officinale, the common dandelion, presents some interesting contradictions that might surprise you. This perennial forb has a complex story that every gardener should understand before deciding ...

Rare plant alert!

Region: Conservation status by state

Status: S2: Status is uncertain but is somewhere between the following rankings: Imperiled: Extremely rare due to factor(s) making it especially vulnerable to extinction. Typically 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000) ⚘

Common Dandelion: A Surprising Gardening Consideration

When most gardeners think of dandelions, they picture the ubiquitous yellow flowers dotting lawns everywhere. But Taraxacum officinale officinale, the common dandelion, presents some interesting contradictions that might surprise you. This perennial forb has a complex story that every gardener should understand before deciding whether to welcome it into their landscape.

What Exactly Is the Common Dandelion?

The common dandelion is a perennial forb—essentially a non-woody plant that returns year after year. As a forb, it lacks significant woody tissue and keeps its growing points at or below ground level, helping it survive harsh conditions. This hardy plant has established itself across an impressive range, from Alaska to Puerto Rico, and from coast to coast throughout North America.

A Non-Native Success Story

Despite being non-native to North America, the common dandelion has become remarkably successful at reproducing and persisting in the wild without human intervention. It now grows in every U.S. state, Canadian province, and territory, plus several other regions including Greenland and Hawaii.

The Rarity Paradox

Here’s where things get interesting: while dandelions seem to be everywhere, Taraxacum officinale officinale specifically carries a Global Conservation Status of S2, meaning it’s considered Imperiled. This status indicates extreme rarity with typically only 6 to 20 occurrences or few remaining individuals (1,000 to 3,000). This surprising classification suggests there may be important distinctions within dandelion populations that aren’t immediately obvious to casual observers.

Should You Plant Common Dandelion?

Given the imperiled status of this specific subspecies, the answer requires careful consideration. If you’re interested in growing common dandelions, you should:

  • Only source plant material from responsible, ethical suppliers
  • Verify that any purchased plants are specifically Taraxacum officinale officinale
  • Consider whether supporting conservation of this rare form aligns with your gardening goals
  • Be aware that you may be working with a genuinely rare plant despite its common name

Consider Native Alternatives Instead

Since the common dandelion is non-native throughout North America, you might want to consider native alternatives that provide similar benefits without the complexity of sourcing rare subspecies. Many regions have native yellow-flowered plants that offer comparable aesthetic appeal and ecological benefits while supporting local ecosystems.

The Bottom Line

The common dandelion presents a fascinating case study in plant conservation and gardening ethics. While the name suggests an ordinary, abundant plant, the reality is more complex. The imperiled status of Taraxacum officinale officinale means that any cultivation should be approached thoughtfully and responsibly.

For most gardeners, exploring native alternatives will provide better ecological benefits and fewer sourcing complications. However, if you’re specifically interested in conservation gardening or have access to ethically sourced material, growing this subspecies could contribute to preserving genetic diversity within dandelion populations.

Whatever you decide, remember that successful gardening often involves understanding the deeper stories behind our plants—and the common dandelion certainly has one of the more surprising tales to tell.

Common Dandelion

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Asterales

Family

Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl - Aster family

Genus

Taraxacum F.H. Wigg. - dandelion

Species

Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg. - common dandelion

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA