North America Non-native Plant

Coca

Botanical name: Erythroxylum coca var. coca

USDA symbol: ERCOC11

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Coca Plant: Why This Isn’t the Right Choice for Your Garden When it comes to choosing plants for your garden, you might occasionally come across unusual species that catch your attention. The coca plant (Erythroxylum coca var. coca) is one such plant that definitely falls into the look but don’t ...

Coca Plant: Why This Isn’t the Right Choice for Your Garden

When it comes to choosing plants for your garden, you might occasionally come across unusual species that catch your attention. The coca plant (Erythroxylum coca var. coca) is one such plant that definitely falls into the look but don’t grow category for home gardeners.

What Is the Coca Plant?

The coca plant is a shrub native to South America, particularly found in the mountainous regions of Bolivia, Peru, and Colombia. While it has deep cultural significance and traditional uses in its native range, it’s absolutely not suitable for cultivation in home gardens or landscapes.

Why You Shouldn’t Plant Coca

Here’s the straightforward truth: growing coca plants is illegal in most countries around the world, including the United States. This plant is the source of cocaine, making it subject to strict international drug control laws. Even possessing seeds or attempting to grow this plant can result in serious legal consequences.

  • Illegal to cultivate without special government permits
  • Subject to international drug control treaties
  • Can result in criminal charges for unauthorized cultivation
  • Not available through legitimate nurseries or seed suppliers

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of considering illegal plants, why not focus on beautiful, legal, and beneficial native species for your area? Depending on your location, there are countless native shrubs and plants that can provide:

  • Beautiful foliage and flowers
  • Wildlife habitat and food sources
  • Low-maintenance growing requirements
  • Support for local ecosystems

The Bottom Line

While the coca plant might seem interesting from a botanical perspective, it’s simply not an option for home gardeners. The legal risks far outweigh any potential garden benefits, and there are numerous legal, native alternatives that can provide beauty and ecological value to your landscape.

Focus your gardening energy on plants that are legal, appropriate for your climate, and beneficial to local wildlife. Your garden—and your legal record—will thank you for making responsible plant choices.

Finding the Right Plants for Your Garden

If you’re looking for unique, interesting plants for your garden, consult with local native plant societies, extension offices, or reputable nurseries. They can help you discover fascinating native species that are perfectly legal and well-suited to your growing conditions.

Coca

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Linales

Family

Erythroxylaceae Kunth - Coca family

Genus

Erythroxylum P. Br. - coca

Species

Erythroxylum coca Lam. - coca

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA