North America Non-native Plant

Chinese White Olive

Botanical name: Canarium album

USDA symbol: CAAL31

Native status: Not native but doesn't reproduce and persist in the wild

Chinese White Olive: A Tropical Beauty for Warm Climate Gardens If you’re gardening in a tropical or subtropical climate and looking for a unique tree that combines beauty with bounty, the Chinese white olive (Canarium album) might just catch your eye. This impressive evergreen tree brings both ornamental appeal and ...

Chinese White Olive: A Tropical Beauty for Warm Climate Gardens

If you’re gardening in a tropical or subtropical climate and looking for a unique tree that combines beauty with bounty, the Chinese white olive (Canarium album) might just catch your eye. This impressive evergreen tree brings both ornamental appeal and edible rewards to the right garden setting.

What is the Chinese White Olive?

The Chinese white olive, scientifically known as Canarium album, is a large evergreen tree that’s native to southern China and Southeast Asia, including Vietnam, Myanmar, and Thailand. Despite its common name, it’s not related to the Mediterranean olive tree you might be familiar with – but it does produce small, olive-like fruits that are quite tasty!

Why Consider (or Skip) This Tree?

Before you get too excited about adding this exotic beauty to your landscape, let’s talk practicalities. The Chinese white olive is definitely not a tree for everyone or every climate.

The Good:

  • Stunning large specimen tree with attractive compound leaves
  • Produces edible fruits that can be eaten fresh or processed
  • Evergreen foliage provides year-round interest
  • Small white flowers attract bees and other beneficial pollinators
  • Excellent shade tree for large properties

The Challenges:

  • Only hardy in USDA zones 10-12 (think southern Florida, Hawaii, southern California)
  • Requires significant space – this is a large tree
  • Not native to North America, so it won’t support local wildlife as effectively as native species
  • Can be difficult to source from nurseries

Growing Conditions and Care

If you live in a warm enough climate and have decided to give the Chinese white olive a try, here’s what you need to know about keeping it happy:

Climate Needs: This tree absolutely requires warm temperatures year-round. Think tropical or subtropical conditions – if your area ever experiences frost, this tree isn’t for you.

Soil and Water: Provide well-draining soil and regular watering, especially during dry periods. The tree appreciates consistent moisture but doesn’t like to sit in waterlogged conditions.

Light Requirements: Full sun to partial shade works well, though full sun will promote the best flowering and fruiting.

Space Planning: Make sure you have plenty of room! This tree can grow quite large and needs space to spread its canopy without interfering with buildings or power lines.

Landscape Design Ideas

In the right setting, a Chinese white olive can serve as a magnificent specimen tree, perfect for:

  • Large residential properties with room for a substantial shade tree
  • Botanical gardens or arboretums
  • Edible landscaping projects in tropical climates
  • Asian-themed garden designs

Consider Native Alternatives

While the Chinese white olive can be a lovely addition to warm-climate gardens, remember that native plants typically provide better support for local wildlife and are often easier to grow. If you’re in zones 10-12, consider exploring native alternatives like:

  • Live oak species native to your region
  • Native palms
  • Indigenous fruit trees

Your local native plant society or extension office can help you discover beautiful native trees that will thrive in your specific location.

The Bottom Line

The Chinese white olive is an intriguing tree for the right gardener in the right climate. If you live in a tropical zone, have plenty of space, and are drawn to unique edible landscaping, it could be a wonderful addition to your garden. However, most gardeners will find that native alternatives offer better value and easier care while providing superior benefits to local wildlife.

Before planting any non-native species, always check with your local agricultural extension office to ensure it’s appropriate for your area and won’t become problematic in your local ecosystem.

Chinese White Olive

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Burseraceae Kunth - Frankincense family

Genus

Canarium L. - olive

Species

Canarium album (Lour.) Rausch. - Chinese white olive

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA