North America Non-native Plant

Chilean Needlegrass

Botanical name: Nassella chilensis

USDA symbol: NACH

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Chilean Needlegrass: A Graceful Ornamental Grass for Drought-Tolerant Gardens If you’re looking to add some wispy, elegant movement to your garden, Chilean needlegrass (Nassella chilensis) might catch your eye. This perennial grass brings a touch of South American flair to landscapes, though as with any non-native plant, it’s worth understanding ...

Chilean Needlegrass: A Graceful Ornamental Grass for Drought-Tolerant Gardens

If you’re looking to add some wispy, elegant movement to your garden, Chilean needlegrass (Nassella chilensis) might catch your eye. This perennial grass brings a touch of South American flair to landscapes, though as with any non-native plant, it’s worth understanding what you’re getting into before you plant.

What is Chilean Needlegrass?

Chilean needlegrass is a perennial grass that belongs to the graminoid family—basically, it’s a true grass with all the classic grass-like characteristics you’d expect. As its name suggests, this species hails from Chile and other parts of South America, but it has found its way into gardens and wild spaces in places like Oregon, where it now grows and reproduces without human intervention.

Where Does It Grow?

Currently, Chilean needlegrass has established itself in Oregon within the United States. As a non-native species that reproduces spontaneously in the wild, it’s managed to make itself at home in the Pacific Northwest climate.

Garden Appeal and Landscape Use

From a purely aesthetic standpoint, Chilean needlegrass has some appealing qualities. Its fine-textured foliage and graceful, feathery seed heads create beautiful movement and texture in the garden. The narrow leaves sway gently in breezes, adding a dynamic element that many gardeners find attractive.

This grass works well in several garden styles:

  • Mediterranean-inspired landscapes
  • Contemporary and modern garden designs
  • Drought-tolerant xeriscaping projects
  • Naturalized areas where you want a wild, informal look

Growing Conditions and Care

If you’re in USDA hardiness zones 8-10 and decide to grow Chilean needlegrass, here’s what you need to know:

Sun and Soil: This grass thrives in full sun and well-drained soils. It’s quite adaptable to different soil types as long as drainage is good—soggy conditions are not its friend.

Water Needs: Once established, Chilean needlegrass is quite drought-tolerant, making it suitable for water-wise gardening. During its first season, provide regular water to help it get established, then you can back off significantly.

Planting and Maintenance: Plant in spring when temperatures warm up. Give plants adequate spacing to ensure good air circulation. The main maintenance task is cutting the grass back in late winter before new growth begins. This keeps it looking tidy and promotes healthy growth.

Wildlife and Pollinator Considerations

As a wind-pollinated grass, Chilean needlegrass doesn’t offer much in terms of nectar or pollen for bees and butterflies. Its wildlife benefits are generally limited compared to native alternatives.

The Native Alternative Angle

While Chilean needlegrass can be an attractive garden addition, consider exploring native grass alternatives that provide similar aesthetic appeal while supporting local ecosystems. Native grasses often offer superior wildlife benefits and are naturally adapted to your local climate conditions.

Some native grasses to consider instead include regional species that provide similar texture and movement while supporting local wildlife populations. Your local native plant society or extension office can recommend the best native alternatives for your specific area.

Should You Plant It?

Chilean needlegrass can be a useful plant for specific garden situations, particularly if you’re creating a drought-tolerant landscape in suitable climate zones. However, given that it’s non-native and has shown the ability to establish in wild areas, it’s worth weighing this choice against native alternatives that could provide similar benefits while supporting local ecosystems.

If you do choose to plant it, practice responsible gardening by monitoring its behavior in your landscape and preventing its spread to natural areas. And definitely explore native grass options—you might find they offer everything you’re looking for and more!

Chilean Needlegrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Nassella (Trin.) Desv. - needlegrass

Species

Nassella chilensis (Trin.) Desv. - Chilean needlegrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA