North America Non-native Plant

Chesapeake Panicgrass

Botanical name: Panicum paludosum

USDA symbol: PAPA35

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Chesapeake Panicgrass: A Wetland Specialist for Water Gardens If you’re looking to add some grassy texture to your wetland garden or pond edge, you might come across Chesapeake panicgrass (Panicum paludosum). This perennial grass has found its way into Maryland’s wetland ecosystems, though it’s not originally from North America. Let’s ...

Chesapeake Panicgrass: A Wetland Specialist for Water Gardens

If you’re looking to add some grassy texture to your wetland garden or pond edge, you might come across Chesapeake panicgrass (Panicum paludosum). This perennial grass has found its way into Maryland’s wetland ecosystems, though it’s not originally from North America. Let’s dive into what makes this wetland specialist tick and whether it deserves a spot in your water garden.

What Is Chesapeake Panicgrass?

Chesapeake panicgrass is a perennial grass that belongs to the graminoid family – basically, it’s part of that big group of grass and grass-like plants that includes true grasses, sedges, and rushes. As its name suggests, this plant has made itself at home in the Chesapeake region, though it’s actually an introduced species that arrived from elsewhere and decided to stick around.

Where You’ll Find It

Currently, Chesapeake panicgrass is documented growing in Maryland, where it has established itself in wetland areas. This grass is quite the water lover – it’s classified as an Obligate Wetland plant, which is science-speak for this plant really, really needs to have wet feet. You’ll find it in both the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain region and the Eastern Mountains and Piedmont region of Maryland, always in those soggy spots where other plants might struggle.

The Wetland Garden Connection

Here’s where things get interesting for water gardeners. Chesapeake panicgrass is essentially a wetland specialist, making it potentially useful for:

  • Bog gardens and constructed wetlands
  • Pond edges and rain gardens
  • Areas with consistently moist to wet soil
  • Naturalized water features

Growing Conditions

Given its obligate wetland status, Chesapeake panicgrass has some pretty specific needs:

  • Moisture: Consistently wet to saturated soil conditions
  • Soil: Tolerates various wetland soil types
  • Light: Likely adaptable to various light conditions typical of wetland environments
  • Climate: Currently thriving in Maryland’s climate zones

Should You Plant It?

Here’s where we need to pump the brakes a bit. While Chesapeake panicgrass isn’t currently listed as invasive or noxious, it is a non-native species that has naturalized in Maryland’s wetlands. Since detailed information about its growth habits and potential ecological impacts is limited, you might want to consider some fantastic native alternatives instead.

Native Alternatives to Consider

If you’re looking to add grassy texture to your wetland garden, consider these native options that provide similar benefits:

  • Rice cutgrass (Leersia oryzoides): A native wetland grass perfect for pond edges
  • Fowl mannagrass (Glyceria striata): Another native option for wet areas
  • Wild rice (Zizania aquatica): A stunning native annual grass for deeper water areas
  • Bluejoint grass (Calamagrostis canadensis): A native perennial for wet meadows

Wildlife and Ecosystem Value

While specific wildlife benefits of Chesapeake panicgrass aren’t well-documented, wetland grasses generally provide habitat and food for waterfowl, small mammals, and various insects. However, native grasses typically offer more robust support for local wildlife since they’ve co-evolved with native species over thousands of years.

The Bottom Line

Chesapeake panicgrass is an interesting wetland specialist that has carved out a niche in Maryland’s wet places. While it might work in specialized wetland gardens, the limited information about its long-term ecological impacts suggests it’s worth considering native alternatives first. If you’re passionate about wetland gardening, focus on those fantastic native grasses that will support your local ecosystem while giving you that beautiful grassy texture you’re after.

Remember, the best gardens work with nature, not against it – and sometimes that means choosing the plants that truly belong in your local ecosystem.

Wetland Status

The rule of seasoned gardeners and landscapers is to choose the "right plant for the right place" matching plants to their ideal growing conditions, so they'll thrive with less work and fewer inputs. But the simplicity of this catchphrase conceals how tricky plant selection is. While tags list watering requirements, there's more to the story.

Knowing a plant's wetland status can simplify the process by revealing the interaction between plants, water, and soil. Surprisingly, many popular landscape plants are wetland species! And what may be a wetland plant in one area, in another it might thrive in drier conditions. Also, it helps you make smarter gardening choices and grow healthy plants with less care and feeding, saving you time, frustration, and money while producing an attractive garden with greater ecological benefits.

Regions
Status
Moisture Conditions

Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Eastern Mountains and Piedmont

OBL

Obligate Wetland - Plants with this status almost always occurs in wetlands

Chesapeake Panicgrass

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Panicum L. - panicgrass

Species

Panicum paludosum Roxb. - Chesapeake panicgrass

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA