North America Non-native Plant

Celandine

Botanical name: Chelidonium majus var. plenum

USDA symbol: CHMAP

Life cycle: biennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Double-Flowered Celandine: A Rare Garden Curiosity If you’re the type of gardener who gets excited about unusual plant varieties, you might be intrigued by Chelidonium majus var. plenum, commonly known as double-flowered celandine. This quirky little plant is like the botanical equivalent of finding a rare collectible – interesting, but ...

Double-Flowered Celandine: A Rare Garden Curiosity

If you’re the type of gardener who gets excited about unusual plant varieties, you might be intrigued by Chelidonium majus var. plenum, commonly known as double-flowered celandine. This quirky little plant is like the botanical equivalent of finding a rare collectible – interesting, but definitely not for everyone.

What Makes This Celandine Special?

Chelidonium majus var. plenum is a biennial forb, which is just a fancy way of saying it’s a non-woody plant that lives for two years and dies. What sets this variety apart from regular celandine is its distinctive double flowers – think of them as nature’s version of a ruffled shirt, with extra petals that create a fuller, more ornate bloom.

Where You’ll Find It (Or Won’t)

This particular variety has a pretty limited presence in North America, having been documented in just Connecticut and Massachusetts. It’s a non-native species that was introduced from elsewhere and has managed to establish itself in the wild in these areas, though it’s far from common.

The Garden Reality Check

Here’s where things get a bit tricky for the average gardener. While Chelidonium majus var. plenum might sound appealing with its double flowers, there are a few important considerations:

  • It’s a biennial, so you’ll need to be patient – first year foliage, second year flowers, then it’s gone
  • As a non-native species, it doesn’t provide the same ecological benefits as native plants
  • Information about its specific growing requirements and behavior is quite limited
  • Its rarity means finding seeds or plants can be challenging

Growing Considerations

Since specific growing information for this exact variety is scarce, any cultivation attempts would involve some educated guesswork. Like most celandines, it would likely prefer partial shade and moist, well-draining soil, but without documented experience with this particular double-flowered form, success isn’t guaranteed.

A Better Native Alternative

If you’re drawn to the idea of unusual flowers that provide real ecological value, consider looking into native alternatives in your region. Many native wildflowers offer unique blooms, support local pollinators and wildlife, and are much better documented in terms of growing requirements and garden performance.

The Bottom Line

Chelidonium majus var. plenum falls into that category of botanical curiosity – interesting if you happen to encounter it, but not necessarily something to seek out for your garden. Its non-native status, limited distribution, and lack of documented growing information make it more of a collector’s oddity than a practical garden choice.

If you’re passionate about supporting local ecosystems while still enjoying unique plants, you’ll likely find much more satisfaction (and success) with native species that offer both beauty and ecological benefits. Your local pollinators will thank you, and you’ll have much better resources available for growing guidance!

Celandine

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Magnoliidae

Order

Papaverales

Family

Papaveraceae Juss. - Poppy family

Genus

Chelidonium L. - celandine

Species

Chelidonium majus L. - celandine

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA