North America Non-native Plant

Cat’s Milk

Botanical name: Cymbocarpa refracta

USDA symbol: CYRE12

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Cat’s Milk (Cymbocarpa refracta): A Mysterious Perennial Forb If you’ve stumbled across the name cat’s milk in your plant research, you’ve discovered one of botany’s more enigmatic characters. Cymbocarpa refracta, commonly known as cat’s milk, is a perennial forb that has somehow managed to fly under the radar of most ...

Cat’s Milk (Cymbocarpa refracta): A Mysterious Perennial Forb

If you’ve stumbled across the name cat’s milk in your plant research, you’ve discovered one of botany’s more enigmatic characters. Cymbocarpa refracta, commonly known as cat’s milk, is a perennial forb that has somehow managed to fly under the radar of most gardening enthusiasts and botanists alike.

What Exactly Is Cat’s Milk?

Cat’s milk is what botanists call a forb – essentially a herbaceous flowering plant that lacks significant woody tissue. Think of it as nature’s version of a soft-stemmed perennial that comes back year after year, but without the sturdy branches of shrubs or trees. As a perennial, it has the staying power to establish itself and return season after season.

Where Does It Grow?

Here’s where things get interesting (and a bit mysterious). Cymbocarpa refracta isn’t native to Puerto Rico, but it has managed to establish itself there as an introduced species. The plant reproduces on its own in the wild and seems quite content to persist without human intervention.

The Challenge of Growing Cat’s Milk

Here’s the honest truth: there’s remarkably little information available about growing cat’s milk successfully. We don’t have reliable data about its preferred growing conditions, care requirements, or even what it looks like in a garden setting. This lack of information presents both a challenge and a concern for gardeners.

Without knowing its invasive potential or specific growing needs, it’s difficult to recommend this plant for home gardens. While it’s not currently listed as invasive or noxious, the absence of information doesn’t necessarily mean it’s safe to cultivate widely.

Consider Native Alternatives

Given the uncertainty surrounding cat’s milk, you might want to consider well-documented native perennial forbs that offer similar benefits without the unknowns. Native plants provide:

  • Proven benefits for local wildlife and pollinators
  • Established care requirements and growing guides
  • No risk of becoming invasive in their natural habitat
  • Better adaptation to local climate conditions

The Bottom Line

Cymbocarpa refracta remains one of those botanical mysteries – a plant that exists but doesn’t have much of a story to tell, at least not one that’s been well-documented. While it might intrigue the most adventurous plant collectors, most gardeners would benefit from choosing better-known species with established track records.

If you’re drawn to unique perennial forbs, consider exploring native options in your area that can provide beauty, ecological benefits, and the peace of mind that comes with growing well-understood plants. Your local native plant society or extension office can point you toward fascinating native forbs that will thrive in your specific conditions.

Cat’s Milk

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Liliidae

Order

Orchidales

Family

Burmanniaceae Blume - Burmannia family

Genus

Cymbocarpa Miers - cymbocarpa

Species

Cymbocarpa refracta Miers - cat's milk

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA