North America Non-native Plant

Catnip

Botanical name: Nepeta camphorata

USDA symbol: NECA10

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Canada  

Nepeta camphorata: An Aromatic Catnip for Your Garden If you’re looking for an aromatic herb that brings both fragrance and pollinator appeal to your garden, Nepeta camphorata might catch your attention. This lesser-known member of the catnip family offers gardeners a perennial option with delicate flowers and that distinctive minty ...

Nepeta camphorata: An Aromatic Catnip for Your Garden

If you’re looking for an aromatic herb that brings both fragrance and pollinator appeal to your garden, Nepeta camphorata might catch your attention. This lesser-known member of the catnip family offers gardeners a perennial option with delicate flowers and that distinctive minty scent cats (and humans) find so appealing.

What Is Nepeta camphorata?

Nepeta camphorata is a perennial forb, which simply means it’s an herbaceous plant that lacks woody stems above ground. Unlike shrubs or trees, this plant dies back to the ground each winter and regrows from its roots in spring. As a member of the mint family, it shares the characteristic square stems and aromatic leaves that make these plants so recognizable.

Common Names and Origins

Known simply as catnip, Nepeta camphorata hails from the Mediterranean region and parts of Europe. However, it’s important to note that this plant is not native to North America. It has established itself in Quebec, Canada, where it now grows and reproduces on its own in the wild.

In Quebec, this introduced species has found suitable conditions to thrive, though its presence outside its native range means it’s not contributing to local ecosystems in the same way native plants would.

Garden Appeal and Characteristics

What draws gardeners to Nepeta camphorata? Here are its main attractions:

  • Aromatic foliage that releases a pleasant minty scent when brushed or crushed
  • Small, delicate flowers in white to pale purple shades
  • Low-maintenance growth habit
  • Pollinator-friendly blooms that attract bees and other beneficial insects
  • Perennial nature means it returns year after year

Where It Fits in Your Landscape

Nepeta camphorata works well in several garden settings:

  • Herb gardens: A natural choice alongside other culinary and aromatic herbs
  • Cottage gardens: Fits the informal, fragrant aesthetic perfectly
  • Pollinator gardens: Provides nectar for bees and butterflies
  • Informal borders: Creates soft, textural interest

Growing Conditions and Care

One of the best things about Nepeta camphorata is its relatively easy-going nature. Here’s what it needs to thrive:

  • Sunlight: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Well-drained soil is essential – it doesn’t tolerate wet feet
  • Water: Drought tolerant once established, but appreciates regular water during dry spells
  • Hardiness: Likely hardy in USDA zones 3-9, making it suitable for most temperate regions

The plant is generally low-maintenance once established. Regular deadheading can encourage continued blooming, and cutting it back after flowering may promote fresh growth.

Should You Plant It?

While Nepeta camphorata isn’t invasive or harmful, it’s worth considering native alternatives that provide similar benefits while supporting local ecosystems. Since this plant isn’t originally from North America, it doesn’t have the same relationships with native wildlife that indigenous plants do.

If you do choose to grow Nepeta camphorata, it can be a pleasant addition to herb gardens or informal landscapes. Just be mindful that it may self-seed, and consider removing volunteer seedlings if you want to prevent its spread.

Native Alternatives to Consider

For gardeners interested in supporting native ecosystems, consider these North American alternatives that offer similar aromatic qualities and pollinator benefits:

  • Wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) – aromatic leaves and showy flowers
  • American mint species like wild mint (Mentha arvensis)
  • Native sages (Salvia species) for aromatic foliage and pollinator appeal

These native plants will provide the fragrance and pollinator benefits you’re seeking while supporting local wildlife and maintaining ecological balance in your region.

The Bottom Line

Nepeta camphorata can be a charming addition to the right garden setting, especially if you’re drawn to aromatic herbs and pollinator-friendly plants. While it’s not problematic like truly invasive species, choosing native plants when possible helps create gardens that truly serve local ecosystems. Whether you go native or not, the key is creating a garden space that brings you joy while being mindful of its impact on the broader environment.

Catnip

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Nepeta L. - catnip

Species

Nepeta camphorata Boiss. & Heldr. - catnip

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA