North America Non-native Plant

Brazilian Peppertree

Botanical name: Schinus terebinthifolius var. raddianus

USDA symbol: SCTER2

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: shrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the U.S. Virgin Islands  

Brazilian Peppertree: A Plant to Avoid in Your Garden When it comes to gardening choices that can impact our local ecosystems, few plants are as concerning as the Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius var. raddianus). While this perennial shrub might catch your eye with its attractive appearance, there are compelling reasons ...

Brazilian Peppertree: A Plant to Avoid in Your Garden

When it comes to gardening choices that can impact our local ecosystems, few plants are as concerning as the Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius var. raddianus). While this perennial shrub might catch your eye with its attractive appearance, there are compelling reasons why you should steer clear of this particular plant for your landscape.

What Exactly Is Brazilian Peppertree?

Brazilian peppertree is a woody, multi-stemmed shrub that typically grows to heights of 13-16 feet, though it can sometimes grow taller or develop a single trunk under certain conditions. As its name suggests, this perennial plant hails from South America, but it has found its way into many parts of the United States where it decidedly doesn’t belong.

Where You’ll Find This Problematic Plant

Currently, Brazilian peppertree has established populations across several U.S. states and territories, including California, Florida, Hawaii, Texas, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. What makes this particularly concerning is that this non-native species reproduces spontaneously in the wild without any human intervention and tends to persist wherever it takes hold.

Why You Should Avoid Planting Brazilian Peppertree

Here’s the bottom line: Brazilian peppertree is part of a species complex known for its highly invasive nature, particularly in sensitive ecosystems like those found in Florida’s Everglades and other southeastern wetlands. While we don’t have specific invasive status data for this particular variety, the species as a whole is considered one of the most problematic invasive plants in many regions.

When non-native plants like this establish themselves in new environments, they can:

  • Outcompete native vegetation that local wildlife depends on
  • Disrupt natural ecosystem balance
  • Create dense thickets that are difficult to manage
  • Potentially cause economic damage to natural areas and agriculture

Better Alternatives for Your Garden

Instead of risking the introduction of a potentially problematic species, consider these native alternatives that will provide beauty to your landscape while supporting local wildlife:

  • For shrub plantings in warmer climates, explore native species like elderberry, spicebush, or native viburnums
  • In coastal areas, consider native salt-tolerant shrubs appropriate to your region
  • Consult with your local native plant society or extension office for the best native alternatives in your specific area

What to Do If You Already Have Brazilian Peppertree

If you discover Brazilian peppertree on your property, consider removal and replacement with native species. For established plants, you may need professional assistance, as some varieties can be persistent and may require ongoing management.

The Bigger Picture

As gardeners, we have the power to make choices that either support or harm our local ecosystems. While Brazilian peppertree might seem like just another attractive shrub option, choosing native plants instead helps create habitat for local wildlife, supports pollinators, and maintains the natural character of our regions.

Remember, the most beautiful gardens are those that work in harmony with nature rather than against it. By selecting native alternatives, you’ll be creating a landscape that’s not only gorgeous but also ecologically responsible.

Brazilian Peppertree

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Sapindales

Family

Anacardiaceae R. Br. - Sumac family

Genus

Schinus L. - peppertree

Species

Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi - Brazilian peppertree

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA