North America Non-native Plant

Bourbon Rose

Botanical name: Rosa ×borboniana

USDA symbol: ROBO3

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: subshrub

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Bourbon Rose (Rosa ×borboniana): A Non-Native Garden Addition to Consider Carefully Meet the Bourbon rose, scientifically known as Rosa ×borboniana – a perennial shrub that’s found its way into American gardens despite not being native to our shores. If you’re wondering whether this rose deserves a spot in your landscape, ...

Bourbon Rose (Rosa ×borboniana): A Non-Native Garden Addition to Consider Carefully

Meet the Bourbon rose, scientifically known as Rosa ×borboniana – a perennial shrub that’s found its way into American gardens despite not being native to our shores. If you’re wondering whether this rose deserves a spot in your landscape, you’ve come to the right place for an honest look at this intriguing plant.

What Exactly Is Rosa ×borboniana?

The Bourbon rose is a non-native plant that has established itself in the wild across parts of the United States. Unlike many of our beloved native species, this rose originally came from elsewhere but has proven hardy enough to reproduce spontaneously without human intervention in some areas. It’s what botanists call a naturalized species – essentially a plant immigrant that’s made itself at home.

Where You’ll Find It Growing

Currently, Rosa ×borboniana has been documented growing in Louisiana, New York, and South Carolina. This scattered distribution suggests it can adapt to quite different climate conditions, from the humid South to the varied seasons of the Northeast.

Size and Growth Characteristics

Here’s where things get interesting – this Bourbon rose breaks the mold of what you might expect from a typical rose bush. Rosa ×borboniana is described as a low-growing shrub that stays quite compact, usually remaining under 1.5 feet tall and never exceeding 3 feet at maturity. This makes it quite different from the towering rose bushes many gardeners are familiar with.

Should You Plant It in Your Garden?

This is where we need to have an honest conversation. While Rosa ×borboniana isn’t currently listed as invasive or noxious, its non-native status means it won’t provide the same ecological benefits as our native plants. Here are some considerations:

  • It won’t support native pollinators and wildlife as effectively as native alternatives
  • Limited information is available about its specific care requirements
  • Its naturalized status means it can spread beyond cultivation
  • Native alternatives would provide better ecological value

Native Alternatives to Consider

Before choosing Rosa ×borboniana, consider these native rose alternatives that offer similar beauty with greater ecological benefits:

  • Carolina rose (Rosa carolina) – perfect for naturalized areas
  • Virginia rose (Rosa virginiana) – excellent fall color and wildlife value
  • Prairie rose (Rosa arkansana) – drought-tolerant and pollinator-friendly
  • Woods’ rose (Rosa woodsii) – great for western gardens

Growing Conditions and Care

Unfortunately, specific growing requirements for Rosa ×borboniana are not well-documented. However, given its ability to naturalize in diverse climates from Louisiana to New York, it likely tolerates a range of conditions. If you do choose to grow it, standard rose care practices would likely apply, though we’d recommend consulting with local gardening experts for specific guidance.

The Bottom Line

While Rosa ×borboniana might seem like an interesting addition to your garden, especially given its unique compact size, we’d encourage you to consider native alternatives first. Native plants provide irreplaceable benefits to local ecosystems, supporting pollinators, birds, and other wildlife that have evolved alongside them.

If you’re drawn to the idea of a low-growing rose, explore native options in your area that can provide similar aesthetic appeal while contributing to your local ecosystem’s health. Your garden can be beautiful and ecologically beneficial at the same time!

Remember, every plant choice is a vote for the kind of landscape we want to create. Choose wisely, and happy gardening!

Bourbon Rose

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Rosidae

Order

Rosales

Family

Rosaceae Juss. - Rose family

Genus

Rosa L. - rose

Species

Rosa ×borboniana N.H.F. Desp. (pro sp.) [chinensis × damascena] - Bourbon rose

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA