North America Non-native Plant

Blue Skullcap

Botanical name: Scutellaria caerulea

USDA symbol: SCCA31

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Blue Skullcap: A Mysterious Non-Native Perennial If you’ve stumbled across the name blue skullcap (Scutellaria caerulea) in your gardening research, you might be wondering what exactly this plant is and whether it belongs in your garden. Well, you’re not alone in your curiosity – this particular species is something of ...

Blue Skullcap: A Mysterious Non-Native Perennial

If you’ve stumbled across the name blue skullcap (Scutellaria caerulea) in your gardening research, you might be wondering what exactly this plant is and whether it belongs in your garden. Well, you’re not alone in your curiosity – this particular species is something of a botanical puzzle that even experienced gardeners scratch their heads over.

What We Know About Blue Skullcap

Scutellaria caerulea is classified as a perennial forb, which simply means it’s a non-woody herbaceous plant that comes back year after year. Like other members of the mint family (yes, skullcaps are related to your kitchen herbs!), it lacks significant woody growth and keeps its growing points at or near ground level.

Here’s where things get a bit tricky: this species is listed as non-native to the United States, having been introduced from elsewhere and now reproducing on its own in the wild. Currently, it’s documented as growing in California, though detailed information about its specific characteristics and behavior remains surprisingly scarce.

The Information Gap

Here’s the honest truth – reliable information about Scutellaria caerulea is frustratingly limited. We don’t have clear details about:

  • Its exact appearance and size
  • Preferred growing conditions
  • Hardiness zones
  • Benefits to pollinators or wildlife
  • Whether it has invasive tendencies

This lack of information is actually quite telling and suggests that home gardeners should approach this species with caution.

Should You Plant Blue Skullcap?

Given the limited information available and its non-native status, we’d recommend holding off on adding Scutellaria caerulea to your garden. When a plant species has so little documented information about its garden performance and ecological impact, it’s usually wise to look for better-understood alternatives.

Native Alternatives Worth Considering

If you’re drawn to the idea of growing skullcaps, consider these well-documented native alternatives:

  • American Skullcap (Scutellaria lateriflora) – A native species that’s excellent for rain gardens and provides nectar for small pollinators
  • Hyssop Skullcap (Scutellaria integrifolia) – Features showy blue flowers and thrives in dry, sunny conditions
  • Small Skullcap (Scutellaria parvula) – Perfect for rock gardens and native plant collections

The Bottom Line

While Scutellaria caerulea might sound intriguing, the lack of available growing information and its non-native status make it a questionable choice for most gardens. Instead, why not explore the wonderful world of native skullcaps? They’ll give you that lovely blue flower color you’re after while supporting local ecosystems and providing proven garden performance.

Remember, the best gardens are built on plants we understand well – and right now, blue skullcap remains too much of a mystery for most gardening adventures.

Blue Skullcap

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Scutellaria L. - skullcap

Species

Scutellaria caerulea Moc. & Sessé - blue skullcap

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA