North America Non-native Plant

Bigleaf Paspalum

Botanical name: Paspalum macrophyllum

USDA symbol: PAMA80

Life cycle: perennial

Habit: grass

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Hawaii âš˜ Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in Puerto Rico  

Bigleaf Paspalum: A Tropical Grass with Big Personality If you’re looking for a grass that lives up to its name, bigleaf paspalum (Paspalum macrophyllum) certainly delivers. This perennial grass sports impressively large leaves that can add a bold, tropical feel to warm-climate gardens. But before you fall head over heels ...

Bigleaf Paspalum: A Tropical Grass with Big Personality

If you’re looking for a grass that lives up to its name, bigleaf paspalum (Paspalum macrophyllum) certainly delivers. This perennial grass sports impressively large leaves that can add a bold, tropical feel to warm-climate gardens. But before you fall head over heels for those oversized blades, let’s dig into what makes this grass tick and whether it’s the right fit for your landscape.

What Is Bigleaf Paspalum?

Bigleaf paspalum is a perennial grass that belongs to the large family of grasses, sedges, and other grass-like plants. As its common name suggests, this plant is all about those big, broad leaves that set it apart from your typical lawn grass. It’s a clumping grass that can create an eye-catching focal point in the right setting.

Where Does It Come From?

Here’s where things get interesting: bigleaf paspalum isn’t actually native to the United States. This South American native has made itself at home in Hawaii and Puerto Rico, where it now grows and reproduces on its own in the wild. In these locations, it’s considered a non-native species that has naturalized to the local environment.

The Good, The Bad, and The Grassy

So, should you plant bigleaf paspalum? Well, it depends on what you’re after and where you live. Here are some things to consider:

The Appeal

  • Those dramatic, broad leaves create instant tropical vibes
  • Low maintenance once established
  • Thrives in warm, humid climates
  • Can handle both full sun and partial shade

The Considerations

  • Only suitable for USDA hardiness zones 9-11
  • Limited wildlife and pollinator benefits compared to native plants
  • May spread via underground stems (rhizomes)
  • Better native alternatives exist for most regions

Growing Bigleaf Paspalum Successfully

If you live in a tropical or subtropical area and decide this grass fits your vision, here’s how to keep it happy:

Perfect Growing Conditions

  • Climate: Warm, humid environments (zones 9-11 only)
  • Light: Full sun to partial shade
  • Soil: Prefers moist to wet soils
  • Water: Likes consistent moisture

Planting and Care Tips

Once you’ve got your bigleaf paspalum planted, it’s pretty much a set it and forget it situation. This grass is remarkably low-maintenance, which might explain why it’s been so successful at naturalizing in tropical areas. Just make sure it gets enough water, especially during dry spells, and it should reward you with those signature broad leaves.

Keep an eye on its spread, though. Like many grasses, it can expand its territory through underground stems, so you might need to manage its boundaries if you want to keep it contained.

Wildlife and Wetland Benefits

While bigleaf paspalum does grow in moist conditions and can tolerate wet soils, its specific wetland status isn’t well-documented. As for wildlife, it provides minimal benefits compared to native plants. Grasses generally offer limited value to pollinators, and non-native species typically support fewer native insects and birds than their indigenous counterparts.

Consider Native Alternatives

Before committing to bigleaf paspalum, consider exploring native grass options for your area. Native plants typically provide better wildlife habitat, require less maintenance once established, and integrate more naturally with local ecosystems. Your local native plant society or extension office can point you toward indigenous grasses that might give you a similar look while supporting local wildlife.

The Bottom Line

Bigleaf paspalum can be an attractive addition to tropical and subtropical gardens, especially if you’re going for that lush, exotic grass look. However, its non-native status and limited ecological benefits mean it might not be the best choice for environmentally conscious gardeners. If you do decide to grow it, just be prepared for its spreading habit and consider whether a native alternative might better serve both your garden goals and local wildlife.

Bigleaf Paspalum

Classification

Group

Monocot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Liliopsida - Monocotyledons

Subclass

Commelinidae

Order

Cyperales

Family

Poaceae Barnhart - Grass family

Genus

Paspalum L. - crowngrass

Species

Paspalum macrophyllum Kunth - bigleaf paspalum

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA