North America Non-native Plant

Beefsteakplant

Botanical name: Perilla frutescens var. crispa

USDA symbol: PEFRC2

Life cycle: annual

Habit: forb

Native status: Non-native, reproduces and persists in the wild in the lower 48 states  

Beefsteak Plant: A Textural Wonder for Your Garden If you’re looking to add some serious texture and visual interest to your garden, beefsteak plant (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) might just be the quirky annual you’ve been searching for. With its deeply wrinkled, burgundy-tinged leaves that look almost too perfect to ...

Beefsteak Plant: A Textural Wonder for Your Garden

If you’re looking to add some serious texture and visual interest to your garden, beefsteak plant (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) might just be the quirky annual you’ve been searching for. With its deeply wrinkled, burgundy-tinged leaves that look almost too perfect to be real, this distinctive plant has been winning over gardeners who appreciate something a little different in their landscape.

What Exactly Is Beefsteak Plant?

Beefsteak plant is an annual forb – essentially a non-woody plant that completes its entire life cycle in one growing season. Don’t let the forb classification intimidate you; it simply means this is a herbaceous plant without significant woody stems, making it perfect for annual beds and seasonal displays.

Originally hailing from Asia, this non-native species has made itself quite comfortable in parts of the United States. You’ll find it growing in Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia, where it reproduces on its own in the wild.

Why Gardeners Love (or Don’t Love) Beefsteak Plant

The main draw of beefsteak plant is undoubtedly its foliage. Those deeply crinkled, serrated leaves create an almost prehistoric texture that can serve as a fantastic contrast to smoother-leafed plants in your garden. The leaves often display beautiful purple undertones that intensify the plant’s dramatic appeal.

However, since this is a non-native species, some gardeners prefer to stick with native alternatives that better support local ecosystems. If you’re interested in native options that offer similar textural interest, consider exploring native alternatives like wild bergamot or other indigenous herbs that naturally occur in your region.

Where Beefsteak Plant Shines in the Landscape

This versatile annual works beautifully in several garden settings:

  • Herb gardens, where its culinary uses add practical value
  • Cottage-style gardens that embrace a mix of ornamental and useful plants
  • Container gardens, where its distinctive foliage creates focal points
  • Annual beds that need textural contrast
  • Borders where you want to add seasonal interest

Growing Conditions and Care

The good news is that beefsteak plant is refreshingly easy to grow. It thrives in full sun to partial shade and isn’t particularly fussy about soil types, as long as drainage is decent. Moderate moisture levels keep it happiest – think regular watering without soggy conditions.

As an annual, it’s not concerned with winter hardiness zones since it won’t survive frost anyway. This means gardeners from zones 2-11 can enjoy it during the growing season, starting fresh each year from seed.

Planting and Care Tips

Starting beefsteak plant is straightforward – it grows easily from seed and often self-seeds if you let it. Here are some key tips for success:

  • Sow seeds after the last frost date in spring
  • If you’re growing it primarily for foliage, pinch off flower spikes to encourage leaf production
  • Regular watering during dry spells keeps the leaves looking their best
  • Be aware that it can self-seed prolifically, so deadhead flowers if you want to prevent volunteer plants next season

Wildlife and Pollinator Benefits

When allowed to flower, beefsteak plant produces small spikes of white to pale purple blooms in late summer. These modest flowers attract small pollinators and beneficial insects, adding some ecological value to your garden space.

The Bottom Line

Beefsteak plant offers gardeners an easy way to add dramatic foliage texture to annual plantings. While it’s not native to North America, it can be a reasonable choice for gardeners who appreciate its unique aesthetic and don’t mind its non-native status. Just remember to consider native alternatives that might offer similar appeal while better supporting your local ecosystem. Whether you choose to grow it or not, understanding plants like beefsteak plant helps us make more informed decisions about what we invite into our garden spaces.

Beefsteakplant

Classification

Group

Dicot

Kingdom

Plantae - Plants

Subkingdom

Tracheobionta - Vascular plants

Superdivision

Spermatophyta - Seed plants

Division

Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants

Subdivision
Class

Magnoliopsida - Dicotyledons

Subclass

Asteridae

Order

Lamiales

Family

Lamiaceae Martinov - Mint family

Genus

Perilla L. - perilla

Species

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton - beefsteakplant

Plant data source: USDA, NRCS 2025. The PLANTS Database. https://plants.usda.gov,. 2/25/2025. National Plant Data Team, Greensboro, NC USA