Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum var. saurae): What Every Gardener Should Know
If you’ve been curious about bahiagrass and whether it belongs in your landscape, you’re not alone. Paspalum notatum var. saurae is a perennial grass that’s made itself at home across much of the southern United States, though it didn’t originally call this region home.
The Basics: What Is Bahiagrass?
Bahiagrass is a warm-season perennial grass that grows in a distinctive rhizomatous pattern, meaning it spreads through underground stems. This particular variety reaches about 2 feet tall at maturity and has a prostrate, low-growing habit that hugs the ground. Don’t expect showy blooms – the small yellow flowers that appear in early summer are quite inconspicuous, and the brown seeds that follow won’t win any beauty contests either.
Where You’ll Find It Growing
This grass has established itself across the southeastern United States, thriving in states from Virginia down to Florida and west to Texas and California. You’ll also find it growing in Hawaii. While it’s become quite common in these areas, it’s important to note that bahiagrass isn’t native to North America – it’s an introduced species that has naturalized and now reproduces on its own in the wild.
The Good, The Bad, and The Practical
So why might you consider (or avoid) planting bahiagrass? Here’s what you need to know:
The Advantages
- Extremely drought tolerant once established
- Rapid growth rate means quick coverage
- Fire resistant – a plus in fire-prone areas
- Tolerates a wide range of soil types
- Low fertility requirements
- Handles foot traffic reasonably well
The Considerations
- As a non-native species, it doesn’t support local wildlife as effectively as native grasses
- Can be slow to establish from seed initially
- Requires warm temperatures (zones 8-11 based on its distribution)
- May not be the most attractive option for ornamental landscapes
Growing Conditions and Care
If you decide to grow bahiagrass, you’re in luck – it’s not particularly fussy. This grass thrives in acidic to slightly acidic soils (pH 4.5-6.5) and can handle everything from sandy to clay soils. It’s happiest in full sun but can tolerate some shade.
Here’s what bahiagrass needs to thrive:
- Minimum 210 frost-free days per year
- Annual rainfall between 36-65 inches
- Well-draining soil (it doesn’t like waterlogged conditions)
- Temperatures above -3°F
Planting and Establishment
Bahiagrass can be established through seeds or sprigs. Seeds are widely available commercially, with about 272,640 seeds per pound. While seedling vigor is high once they get going, initial establishment can be slow. Plant in summer when soil temperatures are warm, and be patient – this grass takes its time getting started but makes up for it with rapid growth once established.
For best results, plant 11,000 to 19,000 plants per acre if you’re covering a large area.
A Word About Native Alternatives
While bahiagrass can serve certain practical purposes, consider exploring native grass options for your region first. Native grasses provide better support for local wildlife, including birds and beneficial insects, and are naturally adapted to your local growing conditions. Some excellent native alternatives include buffalo grass in drier regions, or native fescues and bunch grasses depending on your specific location.
The Bottom Line
Bahiagrass is a tough, practical grass that can work well in challenging conditions where you need quick, low-maintenance coverage. However, as gardeners become more conscious of supporting local ecosystems, it’s worth weighing the benefits of this non-native option against native alternatives that can provide similar coverage while better supporting your local wildlife community.
If you do choose to plant bahiagrass, you’ll find it’s relatively easy to establish and maintain, especially if you’re dealing with poor soils, drought conditions, or areas prone to fire. Just remember that with great spreading ability comes great responsibility – keep an eye on where it’s headed!
